Journal of Environment and Earth Science www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3216 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0948 (Online) Vol.5, No.6, 2015 98 The Efforts of Spring Conservation through Local Wisdom at Lingsar, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Ahmad Jupri 1,2 * Zaenal Kusuma 3 Kliwon Hidayat 3 Mangku Purnomo 3 1. The student of Doctoral Program of Agriculture Science, Univeristy of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia 3. Department of Agriculture Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia * E-mail of the corresponding author: juprizikril@gmail.com Abstract Water is a vital requirement for living things either for plants, animals and humans. The needs of water during the rainy season can be fulfilled from rainwater, whereas in the dry season water demand is supplied from springs. In west Nusa Tenggara Indonesia, There is water crisis in 53 sub-districts and 232 village. So it is urgent condition to conserve the spring for the next generation. Water could act multipurpose, for drinking, bathing, washing, toilet also for economic activities in agriculture, plantations, animal husbandry and fisheries, tourism; the role of water for religious worship activities are also very important. The purpose of this research are: (1) Identifying the characteristics of the soil (land), vegetation and climate in the three spring catchments at Lingsar. (2) Studying the relationship between patterns of utilization of natural resources with the preservation of water resources at Lingsar. (3) Studying the relationship between traditional values in Topat war to the patterns of natural resource management. This study includes two (2) domain which is quantitative research to investigate biophysical soil, vegetation and climate and social fields, economic and cultural uses qualitative research. The survey results found three (3) types of springs based on the discharge at Lingsar namely Sarasute and Sarasuake spring (large discharge), Pure lingsar I/Kemalik (medium discharge) and Pure Lingsar II/aik mual (small discharge). Keywords: water, spring conservation, local wisdom 1. Introduction Source of local wisdom in the form of kemalik, pujawali and Topat war in West Lombok Lingsar derived from religious teachings of Islam. Based on factual condition in the research area, the principles of their local wisdom- based on religious ecological / ecosystem. Celebration of local wisdom conducted at the end of the year highly filled with ideas and values relating to the management and conservation of natural resources and the environment, including water resources. This already indicates a saving and environmental conservation efforts that public made since ancient times which can be seen from several things, among others,: at the activities of pujawali and topat war performed in the courtyard around kemalik calls for the requirements and various ingredients derived from plants and animals in the form of : setaman flower, Rombong (small barn), Sesaji (dish), Kebun Udik (Mini garden), Lamak, Momot, male buffalo, Topat (rhombus), in which all the materials are held and made by mutual cooperation and paraded around kemalik three rounds before the start of the Topat war; The next rhombus thrown as the main ingredient in the Topat war spread at fields and gardens for plants to flourish and fruiting so that the harvest is abundant. Besides that, there are awaig awig around kemalik that must be obeyed by the local community or anyone who visited kemalik. From Kemalik, as far as 900 meters to the east, west, north, south should not be : (a) Making the destruction of nature (indiscriminate tree felling / without permission), (b) Immoral activities (adultery and liquor and kind of), (c) Raising pigs, (d) Eating pork (including the newly finished eating pork even from far away then he should clean up himself first, and may enter into Kemalik. 1.1 The factors That Influence Spring Discharge 1.1.1. Climate (Rainfall) The influence of rainfall on springs can be seen from the fluctuations springs discharge according to the seasons. Davis and De Wiest (1966) mentioned generally spring discharge fluctuated in response to the amount of rainfall. 1.1.2 Vegetation Vegetation interacts with the soil in influencing the hydrology of the region, so it can regulate the flow of rain