Spatial-Temporal Distribution and Trend Analysis of
Groundwater Level at Ghazipur District, Uttar Pradesh, India.
PUSHPENDRA KUMAR
1
*, GOPAL KRISHAN
2
, ANUPAM KUMAR NEMA
1
,
ANIL KUMAR LOHANI
2
and ARADHANA THAKUR
2
1
Department of Farm Engineering, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2
National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India.
Abstract
The present study has analysed the Spatial-temporal distribution
of groundwater level (GWL) in the Ghazipur district has been calculated
using statistical and graphical methods for the period 1998, 2008 and
2018. In the present study, the GWL trend was analysed using the
non-parametric Modifed Mann-Kendall (MMK) test for the 39 locations
of the Ghazipur district of UP, India. The trend analysis has been tested at
a 5 % signifcance level. The mean, minimum and maximum GWL during
the pre-monsoon season (PRM) ranged from 3.16 m to 12.71 m. However,
in the post-monsoon (PTM) season, it ranges from 1.76 m to 9.09 m.
The GWL trends have been estimated using the non-parametric tests,
MMK during the period 1998 to 2018 at 39 locations in the Ghazipur district
of Uttar Pradesh, India. From the analysis, The GWL trend analysis has
revealed negative magnitudes for 8 locations that covered 20 % portion
of total area and positive magnitudes for 31 locations spread in 80 % area in
the PRM season. However, in the PTM season, 9 locations spread in 10 %
area showed negative trends and 30 locations covering major area which is
90 % of total area showed positive trends. The changes in the GWL trends
in two diferent seasons (PRM and PTM) can be included in the recharge
by rainfall in the PTM season. This study reveals the behaviour of GWL over
the study area. This study will help in providing valuable information about
the long-term behaviour of groundwater levels for ensuring sustainable
groundwater management in the Ghazipur district, Uttar Pradesh.
CONTACT Pushpendra Kumar pushpendrayadav1544@gmail.com Department of Farm Engineering, Banaras Hindu University,
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Enviro Research Publishers.
This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons license: Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY).
Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.17.2.7
Article History
Received: 03 March 2022
Accepted: 01 Sep 2022
Keywords
Ghazipur;
Groundwater levels;
Modifed Mann-
Kendall Test;
Spatial-temporal.
Current World Environment
www.cwejournal.org
ISSN: 0973-4929, Vol. 17, No. (2) 2022, Pg. 349-357