© 2014 IJIRT | Volume 1 Issue 6 | ISSN: 2349-6002 IJIRT 100712 INTERNATONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 771 UNIX OPEARTING SYSTEM Neeraj Kumar , Ayush Singla Student ,Department of information technology Dronacharya College of Engineerin.g, Gurgaon, India ABSTRACT: We looked at several different operating system specifications trying to determine which OS would be the most versatile for our business environment. It should be taken into strong consideration that although an operating system's documentation will state the minimum system requirements is low, a user may not agree to the level of functionality. In short, the bare requirements are often not acceptable performance to your client. We compared Windows XP Home & Professional, Unix, Linux, Knoppix, Fedora and Macintosh's OS X, to see what requirements were needed to run the operating systems... The UNIX* operating system was designed to let a number of programmers access the computer at the same time and share its resources. INTRODUCTION Unix (all-caps UNIX for the trademark) is a multitasking, multiuser computer operating system that exists in many variants. The original Unix was developed at AT&T's Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others. [3] From the power user's or programmer's perspective, Unix systems are characterized by a modular design that is sometimes called the "Unix philosophy," meaning the OS provides a set of simple tools that each perform a limited, well- defined function, [4] with a unified filesystem as the main means of communication [3] and a shell scripting and command language to combine the tools to perform complex workflows. The C programming language was designed by Dennis Ritchie as a systems programming language for Unix, [5] allowing for portability beyond the initial PDP- 11 development platform and the use of Unix on numerous computing platforms. While initially intended for use inside the Bell System, Unix developed into a standard operating system for academia during the late 1970s and 1980s. AT&T tried to commercialize it by licensing the OS to third-party vendors, leading to a variety of both academic (e.g.,BSD) and commercial variants of Unix (such as Xenix) and eventually to the "Unix wars" between groups of vendors. AT&T finally sold its rights in Unix to Novell in the early 1990s, which then sold its Unix business to the Santa Cruz Operation (SCO) in 1995, [6] but the UNIX trademark passed to the industry standards consortium The Open Group, which allows the use of the mark for certified operating systems compliant with the Single UNIX Specification. OVERVIEW OF UNIX OPEARTING The UNIX* operating system was designed to let a number of programmers access the computer at the same time and share its resources. The operating system coordinates the use of the computer's resources, allowing one person, for example, to run a spell check program while another creates a document, lets another edit a document while another creates graphics, and lets another user format a document -- all at the same time, with each user oblivious to the activities of the others. The operating system controls all of the commands from all of the keyboards and all of the data being generated, and permits each user to believe he or she is the only person working on the computer. This real-time sharing of resources make UNIX one of the most powerful operating systems ever. While initially designed for medium-sized minicomputers, the operating system was soon moved to larger, more powerful mainframe computers. As personal computers grew in popularity, versions of UNIX found their way into these boxes, and a number of companies produce UNIX- based machines for the scientific and programming communities. EVOLUTION OF UNIX TIME SHARING SYSTEM The first version of UNIX was created in 1969 by Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie, system engineers at AT&T's Bell Labs. It went through many revisions and gained in popularity until 1977, when it was first made commercially available by Interactive Systems Corporation. At the same time a team from the University of California at Berkeley was working to improve UNIX. In 1977 it released the first Berkeley Software Distribution, which became known as BSD. Over time this won favour through