~ 754 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies 2019; 7(1): 754-758 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2019; 7(1): 754-758 © 2019 IJCS Received: 26-11-2018 Accepted: 30-12-2018 TH Nepolian Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, COA, CAU, Imphal, Manipur, India MS Jeberson AICRP (MULLaRP), Directorate of Research, CAU, Imphal, Manipur, India Manish Kumar Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, COA, CAU, Imphal, Manipur, India Singh NB Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, COA, CAU, Imphal, Manipur, India Shashidhar KS AICRP (MULLaRP), Directorate of Research, CAU, Imphal, Manipur, India PH Ranjit Sharma Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, COA, CAU, Imphal, Manipur, India Correspondence Manish Kumar Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, COA, CAU, Imphal, Manipur, India Mutation and variability studies in M 2 generation of field pea ( Pisum sativum ) under foot hills of Manipur TH Nepolian, MS Jeberson, Manish Kumar, Singh NB, Shashidhar KS and PH Ranjit Sharma Abstract Three genotypes of field pea namely Makhyatmubi, Makuchabi and Rachna were used in the present study. A chemical mutagen, sodium azide, a mono-functional alkylating agent was used in three concentration for induction of mutation in each varietyand subjected to 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% of Sodium Azide for 6 hours with intermittent shaking at room temperature 25±2 o C. Among the parameters studied in M2 generation chlorophyll mutation frequency and spectrum is very important as it is also used to calculate mutagenic effectiveness. The mutagenic effectiveness of Sodium Azide ranged from 7.08 to 11.10, 5.36 to 7.40 and 5.48 to 14.40 was observed in Makhaytmubi, Makuchabi and Rachna respectively. Whereas spectrum of chlorophyll mutation is concerned it increased with increase in the concentration of Sodium Azide in field pea. Altogether four types of chlorophyll mutation in the order chlorina>viridis>xantha>albina, were identified in M2 generation of present study. The mutagenic effectiveness of Sodium Azide was found to be higher at lower doses. Although when we look at the mean of the three genotypes an increasing trend in the efficiency of Sodium Azide in producing injury, lethality and sterility in the M1 population of field pea. Keywords: mutation, generation, Pisum sativum, Manipur Introduction Among pulses, pea (Pisum sativum L.), also known as field pea and garden pea in English, and Matar in Hindi is one of the important rabi (winter) crops grown in the world and India. Pea (2n=2x=14) belongs to the family leguminosae and genus Pisum. It is an annual herbaceous, self-pollinated crop. Field pea derives from the Middle East and was first cultivated roughly 10,000 years ago (Jing et al., 2010) [9] . According to Blixt (1970) [4] , the Mediterranean is the primary centre of diversity with secondary centres in Ethiopia. Field pea is one of the important pulse crop of India, grown in an area of 0.68 million hectares producing 0.62 MT of grain. The average national productivity of field pea is 911 kg/ha. It is consumed as both green immature seeds as well as dry seeds. Availability of genetic variation is a pre-requisite for any crop improvement programme but pulses like pea generally lack genetic variability due to their autogamous nature. If enough variability does not pre-exist, then genetic variation can be created by several means; among which hybridization and induced mutation is one of the important methods. In pea, creation of variation through hybridization is tedious processes, due to highly self-pollinated, small, fragile flowers, that make it difficult to carry out the process of emasculation. Hence, the classical breeding methods have got limited application in pea and other pulses and as such, mutation breeding appears to play an important role in the improvement of this important pulse. So, as the primary objectives of mutation breeding is to enlarge the frequency and spectrum of mutations as an approach towards directed mutagenesis, the present investigation on study of biological effects of Sodium Azide in M 2 generation with following objectives of estimation of the chlorophyll mutation frequency and spectrum and estimation of the mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency. Materials and Methods The experimental field is situated at 24 o 51’N latitudes 93 o 56’E longitudes and at an altitude of 790 m above mean sea level. The climate of Imphal is sub-tropical with an average annual