RESEARCH ARTICLE Heterogeneous wireless networks with mobile devices of multiple interfaces for simultaneous connections using Fuzzy System Jorge Amaro de Sarges Cardoso ID 1 *, Fabio Pereira Ferreira da Silva 1 , Ta ´ ssio Costa de Carvalho 1 , Jose ´ Jailton Henrique Ferreira Junior 1 , Nandamudi Lankalapalli Vijaykumar 2,3 , Carlos Renato Lisboa Francês 1 1 Electrical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEE), UFPA–Federal University of Para ´ , Guama ´ , Bele ´m, Para ´ , Brazil, 2 Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Jose ´ dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil, 3 National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São Jose ´ dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil * jorgeamaro@ufpa.br Abstract With the exponential increase in heterogeneous wireless networks today, there has been a growing interest from the academic community for issues related to handover problems. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the quality of service and performance of a device with a dual interface that connects simultaneously to two heterogeneous networks with no competition in the exchange of packets between them. It is a proposal to solve the mitigation of handover impacts. The tool used for evaluation was the Network Simulator 2. The results showed a better use of the band in comparison to the scenario using a traditional mobile device. Introduction The current demand for mobile large band undergoes unprecedented growth, especially with the emergence of a substantial number of smart portable devices. This trend puts enormous pressure over cellular communication systems for capacity requirements, Quality of Service (QoS), Quality of Experience (QoE) and energy efficiency owing to the development of appli- cations with high bandwidth requirements, such as streaming videos and sharing multimedia files [1]. According to a survey carried out by the Global System for Mobile Communications Latin America (GSMA), almost half of the global population (3.8 billion people) is currently a mobile internet user, with a forecast of reaching 61% (5 billion) by 2025. Among the technologies, 4G was the dominant mobile technology used worldwide during 2019, accounting for more than half (52%) of global connections. Despite the increase in 5G technology, 4G will continue to expand in the coming years, reaching 56% of connections by 2025. According to the projec- tions by GSMA, smartphones are expected to represent four out of five mobile internet con- nections by 2025 [2]. According to [3], the estimated worldwide increase of mobile data traffic for 2021 will be 49 exabytes. The Visual Networking Index (VNI) report by CISCO predicts that the increase of PLOS ONE PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247142 February 25, 2021 1 / 19 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 OPEN ACCESS Citation: Amaro de Sarges Cardoso J, Pereira Ferreira da Silva F, Costa de Carvalho T, Jailton Henrique Ferreira J, Junior, Vijaykumar NL, Lisboa Francês CR (2021) Heterogeneous wireless networks with mobile devices of multiple interfaces for simultaneous connections using Fuzzy System. PLoS ONE 16(2): e0247142. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0247142 Editor: Chi-Tsun Cheng, RMIT University, AUSTRALIA Received: September 23, 2020 Accepted: February 2, 2021 Published: February 25, 2021 Peer Review History: PLOS recognizes the benefits of transparency in the peer review process; therefore, we enable the publication of all of the content of peer review and author responses alongside final, published articles. The editorial history of this article is available here: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247142 Copyright: © 2021 Amaro de Sarges Cardoso et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.