New Journal of Glass and Ceramics, 2017, 7, 1-11
http://www.scirp.org/journal/njgc
ISSN Online: 2161-7562
ISSN Print: 2161-7554
DOI: 10.4236/njgc.2017.71001 December 22, 2016
Gamma Radiation Shielding Properties of Steel
and Iron Slags
Ravinder Singh
1
, Sukhpal Singh
2
, Gurmel Singh
1
, Kulwant Singh Thind
3
1
Department of Physics, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
2
Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
3
GuruNanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
Abstract
Using steel slag and two types of (soft and hard) iron slags, ten samples were
prepared. Different gamma radiation interaction parameters were computed
theoretically and measured experimentally at different energies: 60 keV, 136
keV, 662 keV, 1173 keV and 1332 keV in low and medium energy range using
narrow transmission geometry. It has been observed that shielding effective-
ness of a sample is inversely proportional to Half Value Layer (HVL). The ob-
tained results were compared with Pure Flyash and it was observed that slag is
better aggregate than flyash in shielding radiation as well as in construction
applications. The results have been presented in the form of tables and graphs
with more useful conclusions.
Keywords
Mass Attenuation Coefficient, Effective Atomic Number, Half Value Layer
1. Introduction
Gamma radiation interaction is the most accurate, convenient and a non de-
structive method of determining the various characteristics of the material. With
increasing the use of radioactive isotopes and applications of radiations in many
fields such as industry, agriculture, medicine, technology and research, there
seems a need to study in depth gamma ray analysis of every material. Gamma
ray interaction depends on the extent of absorption or scattering, incident en-
ergy, nature of the target material and also on the geometrical conditions. The
knowledge of gamma ray interaction parameters [1] of the material provides not
only better understanding of the degradation of energy but also a basis for safe
handling of what might be admittedly harmful material. The accurate determi-
nation of interaction parameters is essential before a given material is used in
How to cite this paper: Singh, R., Singh,
S., Singh, G. and Thind, K.S. (2017) Gam-
ma Radiation Shielding Properties of Steel
and Iron Slags. New Journal of Glass and
Ceramics, 7, 1-11.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/njgc.2017.71001
Received: October 11, 2016
Accepted: December 19, 2016
Published: December 22, 2016
Copyright © 2017 by authors and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access