International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | May 2019 | Vol 7 | Issue 5 Page 1658
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Onowa VE et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2019 May;7(5):1658-1664
www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012
Original Research Article
Value of the visual prostate symptom score in evaluation of
symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement: prospective study
in a Nigerian population
Victor E. Onowa*, Samaila I. Shuaibu, Idorenyin C. Akpayak, Chimaobi G. Ofoha,
Christian A. Agbo, Lemech E. Nabasu, Zingkur Z. Galam, Venyir M. Ramyil, Nuhu K. Dakum
INTRODUCTION
The commonest clinical presentation of Benign Prostatic
Enlargement (BPE) is lower urinary tract symptoms
(LUTS), which is also the commonest presenting
complaint in the urology clinic.
1,2
The severity of LUTS
in a patient with BPE, significantly influences the
treatment pathway the patient is placed on, and it can be
assessed using both subjective and objective methods.
The subjective assessment involves the use of various
symptom scores, based on the patient’s own assessment
of his symptoms, among which the International Prostate
Department of Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
Received: 13 February 2019
Revised: 22 March 2019
Accepted: 28 March 2019
*Correspondence:
Dr. Victor E. Onowa,
E-mail: edorkum@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Background: To evaluate the correlation of Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) with International Prostate
Symptom Score (IPSS) and Maximum Urinary Flow (Qmax). To investigate the effect of educational level on the
ability to independently complete the VPSS versus the IPSS and time taken to do so.
Methods: Bio data was taken from men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to Benign Prostatic
Enlargement (BPE) who presented at the Urology clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital. They were administered
the IPSS questionnaire and VPSS pictogram, which they completed with or without physician assistance and the time
taken to do so was noted. They subsequently had uroflowmetry done on same visit and the data was recorded in a
structured proforma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS
(R)
version 20. Correlation test was done for VPSS, IPSS
and Qmax while the paired t-test was used for the average time spent in completing both questionnaires. A p-value
<0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Eighty-five men (aged 42 to 94 years) were enrolled in the study. The VPSS correlated significantly with the
IPSS in terms of total score (r = +0.684, p<0.001) and QoL (r = +0.570, p<0.001), as well as with the Qmax (r = -
0.222, p = 0.041). A greater proportion (21.2%) of men with limited education could complete the VPSS without
physician assistance as compared to the IPSS (6.0%) and the average time taken to complete the VPSS (170.51
seconds) was significantly shorter than the time taken to complete the IPSS (406.42 seconds).
Conclusions: The VPSS correlates significantly with the IPSS and Qmax. It can be completed without physician
assistance by a greater proportion of men with limited education within a shorter time period.
Keywords: Benign prostatic enlargement, International prostate symptom score, Lower urinary tract symptoms,
Uroflowmetry, Visual prostate symptom score
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191654