Academic Journal of Cancer Research 7 (3): 198-207, 2014 ISSN 1995-8943 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.ajcr.2014.7.3.84227 Corresponding Author: Mahmmod Fathy Mahmmod, Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Egypt. 198 Protective Role of the Royal Jelly Against Genotoxic Effect of Endoxan Drug on the Bone Marrow Chromosomes of Male Albino Mice Nagla Zaky Ibrahim El-Alfy, Mahmoud Fathy Mahmoud, Mona Ibrahim Eissa and Asmaa Ahmed Emam Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt Abstract: The aim of this work is to study the protective role of royal jelly on the mice after endoxan treatment. Animals were divided into seven groups. The first group served as control while the other six groups were treated with (one dose endoxan) then (endoxan and royal jelly) respectively. Each endoxan treated animal was intraperitoneally injected one day in week for 4 weeks with 50, 100, 200 mg\Kg body weight while royal jelly treated animals were orally injected daily for 4 weeks with 1g\Kg body weight. Treatment with endoxan to male mice induced chromosomal aberrations including centromeric attenuation, gap, fragment, deletion, ring and centric fusion. Chromosomal aberrations were significantly increased by time and dose. However, treatment with endoxan and royal jelly significantly reduced (P < 0.01) the frequency of chromosomal aberrations this indicates the antioxidative and scavenging ability potential of royal jelly and its protective intervention against endoxan induced cytogenetical damages. Key words: Endoxan Royal Jelly Chromosomes and Mice INTRODUCTION Intraperitoneal administration of endoxan increased The cancer is the most serious disease that causes bladder papilloma and leukaemia in mice [6-8] and death all over the world; it is also known as malignant mammary gland adenoma and carcinoma in rats [7]. tumors and neoplasms. It is defined as an abnormal Many natural substances are used to reduce the growth of cells which tend to proliferate in an mutagenic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs such as uncontrolled way [1]. cyclophosphamide (Endoxan). These substances have Endoxan (EN) is a potent anti-inflammatory and antitumor effect beside their protective effect, so they immunosuppressive cytostatic and cytotoxic drug used increase the efficiency of the therapy without any side for such diverse medical problems as neoplasia, tissue effects on the normal cells [9]. Royal jelly, one of the transplantation and inflammatory diseases of uncertain honey products, stimulated cell survival, cell growth and cause. The drug is inactive until converted to active cell differentiation and it also had a cytotoxic effect on the metabolites in the liver and both metabolism and toxicity carcinoma cells [10]. Royal jelly has an anti-tumor effect vary with body surface area [2]. [11] and antimetastatic effect [12]. Alfred et al [3] stated that cytotoxic drugs may Sabatini et al [13] reported that water content increase the risk of infection, predispose to malignancy with 60-70 % is the main component of royal jelly. The and increase mutations in offspring. The cytotoxic drugs dry substance is composed of carbohydrates, proteins, interrupt nucleic acid and protein synthesis, thereby amino acids and fats. Smaller quantities of minerals and inhibiting various immune responses at different stages. vitamins are also present. Proteins and peptides of RJ Many studies recorded that endoxan and many have many effects such as anti-oxidative [14], immuno- other chemotherapeutic agents cause gene mutations, modulating, monocyte-proliferation stimulating [12, 15], chromosomal breaks, rearrangements and aneuploidy in antibacterial [16, 17], anti-inflammatory [18, 19], anti- somatic cells [4, 5]. allergic [15]. the incidences of lung adenoma and adenocarcinoma,