Institutional design of small-scale fisheries in marine protected areas applied to sustainable territorial development on the Brazilian coast Rodrigo Rodrigues de Freitas a, b, * , Paula Chamy a , Raquel de Carvalho Dumith c a University of Campinas, Environmental Studies and Research Center (NEPAM/UNICAMP), Commons Conservation and Management Research Group (CGCommons), Rua dos Flamboyants, 155, Campinas, S~ ao Paulo, 13083-867, Brazil b University of Southern Santa Catarina, Research Group on Conservation of Natural Resources of Common Use (GRUC/UNISUL), Av. Jos e Ac acio Moreira, 787, Policlínica Bloco C, Bairro Dehon, Tubar~ ao, Santa Catarina, 88704-900, Brazil c Federal Fluminense University, Graduate Program in Geography, Institute of Geosciences, Laboratory for Studies of Social Movements and Territorialities (LEMTO/UFF), Campus Praia Vermelha, Av. MiltonTavares de Souza, s/n, sala 508, Gragoat a, Niter oi, Rio de Janeiro, 24210-346, Brazil article info Article history: Received 28 June 2016 Received in revised form 13 September 2016 Accepted 5 February 2017 Keywords: Territorial development strategies Design principles Marine protected areas Institutional analyses abstract On the Brazilian coast there are many conflicts between Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and fisher's communities. This research used institutional analysis to integrate studies of sustainable territorial development with coastal fishing in three Brazilian MPAs: the Canavieiras (Bahia) and Itaipu (Rio de Janeiro) Extractive Reserves and the Ecological Station of Tamoios (Rio de Janeiro). Ostrom's Principles (1990) - reviewed by Cox et al. (2010) - were contrasted with the situation of fishing in MPAs in the period of analysis and the fishers' demands for institutional changes. Principles analysis indicated structural weaknesses of the state to promote continuous actions of monitoring resources and users, as well as in the application of graduated sanctions. The design principles most closely associated with the construction of territorial development strategies were related to the rules of appropriation and provi- sion, and nested enterprises. MPAs, as institutional innovations, can act on territorial development dy- namics to provide systemic responses capable of preventing the degradation of fisheries resources and marginalisation of users. The sustainable territorial development approach introduces innovative issues for MPAs management, such as territorial identity, integrated production systems and innovation. The perspective on MPAs presented aims to contribute to a quality based fisheries management model, rather than the usual productivity focus. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Protected areas are commonly associated with discourses of economic stagnation, where the costs of conserving biodiversity are mainly supported by locals (Kaimowitz and Sheil, 2007). There are many conflicts between Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and Brazilian traditional coastal communities, especially those that depend directly on common use of natural resources to survive, such as the fishers (Vivacqua and Vieira, 2005; Diegues, 2008; Almudi and Kalikoski, 2009). MPAs are "A clearly defined geographical space recognized, dedi- cated, and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem ser- vices and cultural values.” (WCPA, 2008). In Brazil, MPAs are legally considered as “Conservation Units”, which are Protected Areas primarily focused on biodiversity conservation (SNUC, 2000). As institutional innovations, MPAs can act on territorial development dynamics to provide systemic responses capable of preventing the degradation of fisheries resources and marginalisation of their users. This research has employed institutional analysis to integrate sustainable territorial development studies (Carri ere and Cazella, 2006) with small-scale coastal fishing in MPAs. The specification process promoted by territorial development includes, not only raising the products price, but also the marketing of the product, the inclusion of socially fair tourism and other forms of plural economy (Andion et al., 2006). Through this mode of production, the territory will receive a reputation that reinforces the sense of identity with the place and the strengthening of cooperative relations between the members involved. This is not a * Corresponding author. University of Southern Santa Catarina, Research Group on Conservation of Natural Resources of Common Use (GRUC/UNISUL), Av. Jos e Ac acio Moreira, 787, Policlínica Bloco C, Bairro Dehon, Tubar~ ao, Santa Catarina, 88704-900, Brazil. E-mail address: rodrigo.manejo@gmail.com (R.R. de Freitas). Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ocean & Coastal Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ocecoaman http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.02.006 0964-5691/© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Ocean & Coastal Management 139 (2017) 92e101