Research Artcle Mathews Journal of Cardiology The Basal, Peak and Maximum Heart Rate Determinants of the Cardiac Patents Who Underwent Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography Rabindra Nath Das 1 *, Youngjo Lee 2 , Bansi Badan Mukhopadhya 3 1 Department of Statstcs, University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India. 2 Department of Statstcs, Seoul Natonal University, Seoul, Korea. 3 Department of Community Medicine, Agartal Govt. Medical College and GB Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India. Corresponding Author: Das RN, Department of Statstcs, University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India, Tel: +03422634975; Email: rabin.bwn@gmail.com 1 Received Date: 11 May 2017 Accepted Date: 28 Jun 2017 Published Date: 31 Jun 2017 Copyright © 2017 Das RN Citaton: Das RN, Lee Y and Mukhopadhya BB. (2017). The Basal, Peak and Maximum Heart Rate Determinants of the Cardiac Patents Who Underwent Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography. M J Cardiol. 2(2): 013. ABSTRACT Objectves: The present report aims to identfy the determinants of the basal, peak and maximum heart rates of cardiac patents who underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). Background: The determinants of basal, peak and maximum heart rates for the DSE data were not derived, considering the real situatons that the responses were positve & heteroscedastc. Moreover, these determinants are litle known in the literature. Methods: The considered data set (UCLA stress echocardiography data) in the current study consists of 31 factors/variables on 558 individuals, which is originally taken from a total of 1183 patents referred for DSE between March 1991 and March 1996 to the UCLA Adult Cardiac Imaging and Hemodynamics Laboratories. The responses basal, peak and maximum heart rates are heterogeneous, positve, and gamma distributed, therefore, joint generalized linear gamma model ftng is used. Results: The mean basal heart rate (bhr) increases as the percent maximum predicted heart rate (pctMphr) (P < 0.001), or maximum blood pressure (mbp) (P < 0.001) increases. The mean bhr decreases as the basal blood pressure (basebp) (P < 0.001), or the dobutamine dose at maximum double product (dobdose) (P = 0.074), or age (P = 0.003) increases. The mean peak heart rate (pkhr) increases as the maximum heart rate (maxhr) (P < 0.001), or dpmaxdo (P < 0.001) increases. The mean pkhr decreases as the systolic blood pressure (sbp) (P < 0.001) increases. The mean pkhr is higher for the DSE cardiac patents of male (P = 0.076) than female, or the patents with no history of diabetes mellitus (hxofDM) (P = 0.003). The mean maximum heart rate (maxhr) increases as the pkhr (P < 0.001), or sbp (P < 0.001), or pctMphr (P < 0.001), or dpmaxdo (P < 0.001), or ejecton fracton on dobutamine (dobEF) (P = 0.062) increases. The mean maxhr decreases as the mbp (P < 0.001), or age (P < 0.001) increases. There are many determinants of the variances of bhr, pkhr and maxhr. Conclusions: Mean basal heart rate is positvely associated with the maximum blood pressure (BP), or percent maximum predicted heart rate, or double product of basal BP & basal heart rate, while it is negatvely associated with basal BP, or age. The mean peak heart rate is negatvely associated with the systolic BP, or age, or sex, while it is positvely associated with maximum heart rate, or percent maximum predicted heart rate. The mean maximum heart rate is negatvely associated with the maximum BP, or age, while it is positvely associated with systolic BP, or percent maximum predicted heart rate. Many of the present fndings and their efects are almost new in the heart rates diagnosis literature. KEYWORDS Cardiac Parameters; Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography; Gamma Models; Heart Rates; Non-Constant Variance. Citaton: Das RN, Lee Y and Mukhopadhya BB. (2017). The Basal, Peak and Maximum Heart Rate Determinants of the Cardiac Patents Who Underwent Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography. M J Cardiol. 2(2): 013. ISSN: 2572-6420