Concurrent and construct validation of the short
form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor
Proficiency and the Movement-ABC when
administered under field conditions: implications
for screening
C. Spironello,* J. Hay,† C. Missiuna,‡ B. E. Faught† and J. Cairney‡§¶
*Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton
†Department of Community Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines
‡School of Rehabilitation Science and CanChild, Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton
§Departments of Family Medicine and Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, and
¶Health Systems Research and Consulting Unit, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
Accepted for publication 9 November 2009
Keywords
Bruininks Oseretsky Test
of Motor Proficiency,
concurrent validity,
developmental
co-ordination disorder,
Movement Assessment
Battery for Children
Correspondence:
John Cairney,
Departments of Family
Medicine and Psychiatry
and Behavioural
Neurosciences, McMaster
University, 75 Frid St,
Hamilton, ON, L8P 4M3,
Canada
E-mail:
cairnej@mcmaster.ca
Abstract
Rationale Among the most widely used instruments to assess developmental co-ordination
disorder (DCD) in children are the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) and the
Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC). However, there is little research on agreement
between these tests, when administered to children in field-based settings by trained
non-clinicians.
Method Ten of 75 schools participating in a larger study were randomly selected. All children in
grade 4 (n = 340) in each of these schools were assessed at the same time using both the
BOTMP-SF and the M-ABC in May of 2005.The order of tests was balanced, with an average gap in
time between tests of 10–15 min. All tests were administered by trained research assistants.
Results The correlation between tests was moderate (r = 0.50, P < 0.01). Kappas were low at the
fifth (k = 0.19) and 15th (k = 0.29) percentile cut-points, which are generally used to identify cases of
DCD. Re-analysis using the relative improvement over chance (RIOC) statistic, however, revealed
slightly better agreement at both cut-points (fifth percentile, RIOC = 0.29; 15th percentile, RIOC =
0.47). Children who scored as probable for DCD on both motor tests, as well as on only the
BOTMP-SF, had higher body mass index, poorer physical fitness and lower levels of teacher-reported
physical ability than those positive for DCD on the M-ABC only or those who scored negatively on
both tests.
Discussion In general, the agreement between tests, even after adjustment for RIOC, was poor.
Children identified with poor motor competence by both tests or by the BOTMP-SF only are at
particular risk for poor physical fitness, overweight/obesity and physical inactivity. It appears that
each assessment measures different dimensions of motor ability but that under field-based
conditions the M-ABC may be less useful when applied by non-clinicians.
Child:
care, health and development
Original Article doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2009.01066.x
© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd 499