DETERMINATION OF FACTORS FOR TRAIN ACCIDENT BY LOCOMOTIVE FAILURE, DRIVER SAFETY AND MOTOR ENROLLMENT IN BANGLADESH Asif Al Adnan Department of civil engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh adnanaust37@gmail.com Fahim Arfan khan Department of civil engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh fahimarfan90@gmail.com Mr. Mithun Debnath Assistant professor, department of civil engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh mithundebnath176@gmail.com Ahsanul Tanvir Hassan Department of civil engineering Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh City, Country eftihassan93@gmail.com Abstract—In Bangladesh, train accidents because of locomotive failure are a prevalent scenario. From 1990 to 1999, the rate of accidents because of locomotive failure was high. With time it decreased with the help of advanced technology in locomotives. In Bangladesh, accidents happen when trip demand is high, like during Eid or Puja vacation. During this time rate of locomotive failure gets high. Also, overheating and oil leaks are two critical reasons for locomotive failure in Bangladesh's circumstances. This study adds to understanding by analyzing think-aloud data from seven train drivers. They were phrased in the Perceptual Cycle Model, which classifies cognitive processes into three categories: samples, modifies, and direction. The research path was chosen by presenting the cities or districts where the route intersects between Dhaka and Chattogram. Here perceptual cycle model is also introduced for what train drivers are thinking and gathering experiences described in their own words. The locomotive failure statement (both yearly and monthly) and the reason for locomotive failure are combined design by sheet analysis. Index Terms— Locomotive failure, Perceptual Cycle Model, Sheet analysis, Dhaka, Chittagong, etc I. INTRODUCTION Bangladesh Railway is said to be the country's leading and safest form of travel, although its service and development may not match this [1]. Since 1972, Bangladesh Railway has had many accidents. The overall number of casualties from 1998-2021 was 12893, and last year was 640. Most of the incidents involved railway locomotives; between 1998-2021, 8853 locomotive accidents occurred, or 83% of the total. These high locomotive failure rates cause financial losses, service disruptions, and safety risks for workers and passengers [2]. Train locomotive breakdowns are rising daily, lowering railway safety, but efforts to solve them are inadequate. It has been stated and alleged following an incident that the key reasons are the railway authority's lack of responsibility and improper operating system administration. No solution develops, and the problems remain. The locomotive mechanism depends on the track, vehicle, and dynamic track vehicle system [3]. Determining the locomotive's causes is difficult. A locomotive failure means one or more factors breached safety limits for a moment [4]. It's impossible to know the placement and values of such parts at the locomotive's start. Train locomotive failure is a challenging issue, yet it seems solvable. If all track and rolling stock details, faults, and functional qualities are identified, collected, and measured scientifically, excellent theoretical knowledge of vehicle track interaction helps assess all the evidence logically and systematically [5]. Based on past repercussions and safety concerns, the principal purpose of this research is to determine the most likely causes of locomotive failure in Bangladesh and provide preventative steps to lower the present incidence of locomotive failure [6]. A locomotive, often known as an engine, is a rail transport vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. If a locomotive can carry a payload, it is commonly referred to as multiple units, motor coach, railcar, or power car; the usage of these self-propelled vehicles is becoming more prevalent for passenger trains but uncommon for freight trains [7]. Locomotives have always hauled trains from the front. However, push-pull operation has become popular, with a locomotive (or locomotives) in the front, back, or at either end of the train.