NE US
Academic Publishers
Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences
September 2020 | Volume 8 | Issue 8 | Page 813
INTRODUCTION
I
n the non-tidal swamp of South Sumatra, the forage
supply mainly depends on aquatic vegetations, one of
them is Kumpai grass (Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge)
Nees). However, the utilization of Kumpai grass is limited
by the high fber fraction that may reduce intake and
digestibility when fed alone in the diet (Ali et al., 2013;
Rostini et al., 2014).
Te high price of concentrate was the main reason for the
low frequency of cattle supplementation by smallholder
farmers (Hernaman et al., 2018; Mumba et al., 2018).
Concerning the price of commercial concentrate,
the locally-available concentrate may increase cattle
performances and farmer income. Palm oil sludge (POS)
is one of the agro-industrial by-products from palm oil
processing at a low price and available for small scale
farming. Te supplementation of POS has a potency for
increasing intake and cattle performance due to a higher
content of water-soluble carbohydrates and a source of
unsaturated fatty acids (Hayyan et al., 2010) that might
reduce methane gas production (Machmüller et al., 2000;
Vlaeminck et al., 2006). An often-used approach for
boosting cattle production in humid tropical areas was
cassava leaves since a higher crude protein (CP) content,
especially branched amino acids. Furthermore, Te addition
of branched amino acids in the ration was able to increase
Research Article
Abstract | Utilization of potential swamp forages, by-product of the palm oil industry, and cassava is a strategy in the
improvement of cattle feed. Te purpose of this study was to evaluate the efect of cassava leaves, palm oil sludge, and
yeast supplementation on a ration based on Kumpai grass (Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees) on the performance
of Bali heifers. Twelve Bali heifers were allocated into two groups. First group was fed with control diet consisting of
70% Kumpai grass + 30% concentrate (R0) while second group (R1) was fed a diet consisting of 55% Kumpai grass
+ 15% concentrate + 15% palm oil sludge (POS) + 15% cassava leaves + 5 g yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)/head/d.
Te variables measured in this study were intake, digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral
detergent fber, acid detergent fber, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and farmer income. Data were analyzed
by independent t-test. Te results showed that the supplemented diet had a signifcant performance by improving
the intake of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein. Moreover, it also followed by increasing the digestibility
of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fber, and acid detergent fber, average daily gain, feed
conversion ratio, and farmer income. Supplementation of palm oil sludge, cassava leaves, and yeast in the Kumpai
grass-based ration signifcantly increased the performance of Bali heifers. Heifers fed the supplements gave a higher
income than those without supplements.
Keywords | Bali heifers, Digestibility, Daily gain, Non-tidal swamp, Performance
RISWANDI*, BASUNI HAMZAH, AGUS WIJAYA, ARFAN ABRAR
Bali Heifers Performance on Cassava Leaves, Palm Oil Sludge
and Yeast Supplementation in a Ration Based on Kumpai Grass
(Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees)
Received | February 24, 2020; Accepted | June 28, 2020; Published | July 15, 2020
*Correspondence | Riswandi, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia; Email: riswandi_dya@yahoo.com
Citation | Riswandi, Hamzah B, Wijaya A, Abrar A (2020). Bali heifers performance on cassava leaves, palm oil sludge and yeast supplementation in a ration
based on kumpai grass (Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees). Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 8(8): 813-818.
DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2020/8.8.813.818
ISSN (Online) | 2307-8316; ISSN (Print) | 2309-3331
Copyright © 2020 Riswandi et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sriwijaya University, Indonesia.