~ 40 ~ ISSN Print: 2664-844X ISSN Online: 2664-8458 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.6 IJAFS 2022; 4(2): 40-46 www.agriculturaljournals.com Received: 19-07-2022 Accepted: 23-08-2022 Guduro Beriso Ware Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia Corresponding Author: Guduro Beriso Ware Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia Climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in Ethiopia: Review Guduro Beriso Ware Abstract Climate change refers to future fluctuations of temperature, precipitation, wind and alternative components of Earth’s climate system. Global climate change within the style of higher temperature, reduced downfall, and inflated downfall variability reduces crop yield and threatens food security in low financial gain and agriculture primarily based economies. Ethiopia is one of the most vulnerable countries experiencing drought and floods as a result of climate variability and change. The general objective of this review is to administer and summary on adaptation and mitigation measures initiative in Ethiopia in response to climate change. In Ethiopia the foremost vulnerable sectors to global climate change and variability are agriculture, road, water energy and health. Thus Mitigation and adaptation measures pursued to effectively address climate change. In Ethiopian farming communities have important indigenous knowledge, skills and technologies that are essential for tackling hazardous environmental conditions including climate variability and change. They employ a number of short- and long-term climate change mitigation and adaptation measures to cope with and overcome the impacts of climate variability and change. On the opposite hand, Ethiopia has shown both conservation and policy responses to combat climate change. Protected area systems, a forestation and reforestation programmes, renewable energy sources and energy efficiency, ecological agriculture, flexible livestock production, agro forestry systems, harvesting and climate change education, are all feasible strategies for mitigating and adapting climate change. Keywords: Adaptation, climate change, mitigation, vulnerability, indigenous knowledge Introduction Globally, climate change has become over associate abstract drawback to be mentioned at international conferences or debated within the media: its associate everyday reality with implications for people’s livelihoods and lives. It’s an amendment that's knowledgeable each through slow semi-permanent method in ecological conditions both through semi-permanent method in ecological conditions and through extreme climate events (SREX 2012 [34] ; IPCC 2014a [35] ). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (2007) findings suggests that developing countries like Ethiopia will be more vulnerable to climate change. Ethiopia’s is vulnerability to the impacts of climate change is due to social, economic and environmental factors, Like high levels of poverty, rapid population growth, high level of reliance on rain-fed agriculture, high levels of environmental degradation, chronic food insecurity and frequent natural drought cycles increase climate change vulnerability within the country (Aklilu et al., 2009) [36] . In Ethiopia, the most vulnerable sectors to climate change and variability are agriculture, road, water energy and health. In terms of support approach granger rain-fed farmers and pastoralists are found to be the most vulnerable. The increasing temperature and the variability of rain fall were a cause for frequent drought and famine. Climate change may reduce Ethiopia’s GDP compared to a baseline scenario by 2-6% by 2015, and by up to 10% by 2045. Therefore, mitigation and adaptation measures are meaningful to cope up the effects of climate change World Bank (2010) [37] . Adaptation live are often thought-about as either progressive adaptation (actions wherever the central aim is to keep up the essence and integrity of a system) or transformational adaptation (actions that amendment the basic attributes of a system in response to temperature change and its impacts). International Journal of Agriculture and Food Science 2022; 4(2): 40-46