ON THE PROCESSING OF THE RECORDED DATA FOR THE SF6
CIRCUIT BREAKERS FROM THE TRANSFORMATION SUBSTATION
110/20/6kV CRAIOVA SOUTH
Maria Brojboiu Andrei Savescu
Virginia Ivanov S.C. RELOC S.A.
University of Craiova 109 Decebal Blv., 200746, Craiova, Romania
Facultaty of Electrical Engineering andreisavescu@hotmail.com
107 Decebal Blv., 200440, Craiova, Romania
mbrojboiu@elth.ucv.ro, vivanov@elth.ucv.ro
KEYWORDS
Circuit breakers, maintenance, SF6, ablation.
ABSTRACT
The assurance of the reliability for the transformation
substations is one of primary goals of the manufacturers
and distributors of electricity. Therefore, a proper
monitoring and maintenance program is required. The
circuit breaker is a complex device, subject to the
thermal and mechanical stresses during the normal or
fault currents switching. The substations are frequently
equipped with SF6 circuit breaker. The circuit breaker
components subjected to the thermal stresses are the
main contacts which suffer electrical erosion and the
nozzle which is subjected to the ablation process. The
ablation process appears because of the energy radiation
which is transferred from the electric arc. As a result of
the ablation, the nozzle geometry, the gas pressure and
the electric withstand are changed. Based on the
recorded data from the transformation substation
110/20/6kV Craiova South, the mass loss from nozzle,
the admissible number of disconnections and the throat
nozzle diameter are computed. The graphical
representations highlight the impact of the interrupted
current, of the arcing time and of the integral I2t over
the mentioned ones. Consequently, if the switching
process and the time arc value are controlled, the
thermal wear can be limited and the equipments users
may provide a maintenance program with minimal costs
and an increasing of the lifetime.
INTRODUCTION
The circuit breaker is one of the most important and
complex equipment from the medium and high voltage
electric substations having the switching functions of the
electrical circuit in the normal or fault conditions.
Depending on the thermal and dynamic stability of the
electrical equipment from stations, the commutation
must be carried out in a prescribed period of time.
Consequently, the failure or decommissioning of circuit
breaker has undesirable effects on the operation of the
power station, thereby providing a program of
monitoring, diagnosis and maintenance of the circuit
breaker it is absolutely necessary. The program of
monitoring, diagnosis and maintenance has the purpose
to increase the lifetime of the equipment and to reduce
the operation and maintenance costs. From the
maintenance costs of the electrical stations, a 40% are
dedicated to the circuit breaker maintenance, meanwhile
a 60% are dedicated to the general revisions ( Milthon
S. et all, 2005). Therefore, the predictive maintenance
systems based on the continuous monitoring of the
circuit breaker lead to the significantly reducing of the
costs. The predictive maintenance system has the
advantage to be carried out during the operation of the
equipment. A large number of references in the field are
dedicated to the analysis of the functioning and
monitoring of the circuit breakers (Milthon S. et all,
2003), (Richard, T., 2004), (Thanapong, S. 2006).
The power stations from Craiova South are equipped
with oil circuit breaker or, becoming frequently after
upgrading, with SF6 circuit breakers. The use of this gas
has reduced the frame sizes and increase performance s
of switching. The medium voltage SF6 circuit breakers
are designed of the self blast principle. This type of
circuit breaker generates a gas flow by means of a piston
and cylinder attached to the moving contact. When the
circuit breaker is in close position the gas pressure from
the puffer cylinder is equal to the pressure of filling gas.
During the disconnecting operation, the SF6 gas is
compressed in the cavity between puffer cylinder and
the piston. The switching arc occurs between the
stationary contact and the moving contact and it is
develops inside of the blowing convergent- divergent
nozzle from PTFE with a lower thermal conductivity. A
successful current disconnecting depends on the
interaction between the switching arc, the radiated
energy from arc, the ablation of the nozzle material and
the pressure of the gas flow. During the period of the
current disconnection, in normal or fault regime, occurs
the thermal wear of the circuit breaker components
which are in contact with the switching arc (Richard, T.,
2004), (Bang, H, 2012), (Bogatyreva, N, 2013),(
Muratovic, M, 2013), (Weizong W.I., 2013). The
components which are directly exposed to the radiative
or conductive energy transferred from the switching arc
are the electrical contacts and the blowing nozzle. As a
result of the thermal wear, after one operation time or
Proceedings 28th European Conference on Modelling and
Simulation ©ECMS Flaminio Squazzoni, Fabio Baronio,
Claudia Archetti, Marco Castellani (Editors)
ISBN: 978-0-9564944-8-1 / ISBN: 978-0-9564944-9-8 (CD)