American Journal of Public Health Research, 2016, Vol. 4, No. 1, 8-15
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajphr/4/1/2
© Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/ajphr-4-1-2
Preventing Repeat Abortions among Women in Kumasi,
Ghana
Agyei Helena
*
, Dr. Easmon Otupiri, Dr. R. E. Larson-Reindorf
Department of Community Health, SMS-KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
*Corresponding author: agyeihelena@ymail.com
Abstract Induced Abortion which constitutes 10% of maternal mortality in Ghana presents a serious health
problem particularly among women within 20-24 years presenting at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH),
Kumasi. To accelerate progress towards achieving MDG 5 there must be substantial reduction in induced abortion
alongside an increased contraceptive uptake, Post Abortion Care. Barriers to contraceptive use were as a result of;
fear of side effect, inaccessibility, socio-economic factors, bad social prescripts and poor service delivery. The
output, unintended pregnancies ended in induced abortions. The desire to delay, space and end childbirth are reasons
giving for having an induced abortion suggesting high unmet need for FP.
Keywords: self-induced, spontaneous, abortion, post-abortion, contraceptive useZ
Cite This Article: Agyei Helena, Dr. Easmon Otupiri, and Dr. R. E. Larson-Reindorf, “Preventing Repeat
Abortions among Women in Kumasi, Ghana.” American Journal of Public Health Research, vol. 4, no. 1 (2016):
8-15. doi: 10.12691/ajphr-4-1-2.
1. Introduction
Promoting post-abortion contraceptive uptake is a key
intervention for improving the health of all women and
children. Contraceptive uptake plays an important role in
reducing fertility. Contraceptive use, however, is the
consequence of contraceptive acceptance, method choice,
continuation, switching and failure. The use of
contraceptive methods to prevent unintended pregnancies
is one of the most effective strategies to reducing induced
abortion rates, maternal morbidity and mortality. Thus, the
provision of post-abortion family planning services that
include counselling with easy access to contraceptive
methods are suitable to determine the acceptance and
selection of contraceptive methods by women who have
had induced abortion.
PAC services have historically sought to reduce maternal
mortality by treating the symptoms of haemorrhage and
sepsis rather than by treating women's unmet need for
family planning thus overlooking the potential of Post-
abortion care to interrupt the cycle of repeat unplanned
pregnancy, abortion and complications leading to maternal
death.
For many post-abortion patients, the lack of family
planning counselling and services quickly leads to another
induced abortion, because fertility returns within four to
six weeks after miscarriage or induced abortion.
Induced abortion remains pervasive and damaging
condition in the low-income and middle-income countries
where mostly abortion is illegal. In Ghana unsafe abortion
remains a major public health problem despite apparent
liberalisation of the law on abortion over two decades.
Though abortion is legal in Ghana, women still obtain
unsafe abortions (The Alan Guttmacher Institute, 1999)
due to lack of knowledge at the provider and population
levels. Most women, especially in the developing world
have misconception together with other factors that
influence the use of contraception which makes post-
abortion care deficient and calls for the need to be
incorporated into practice for Ghana to attain the MDG 5.
Contraception is one of the major determinants of
fertility levels. Its use has been increasing steadily since
1970 and is currently widespread throughout the world.
However, progress has been uneven across geographical
areas and great challenges remain in terms of both
increasing the level of contraceptive use to satisfy existing
needs in certain regions and in terms of making available
an adequate variety of contraceptive methods to increase
the ability of individuals wishing to use contraception to
do so in a consistent and efficient manner. Post-abortion
contraceptive uptake is proposed as a strategy to avert
unintended pregnancy and the practice of self-induced
abortion which dates back to ancient times.
Worldwide contraceptive prevalence, the percentage of
women using contraception among women of reproductive
age who are married or in a consensual union is estimated
to have reached 61 per cent in 1998, the average date for
the most recent data available in 160 countries. However,
this global average masks important disparities across and
within developmental groups, major areas and regions.
In Africa, low levels of contraceptive use have persisted
since the early 1970s in the countries of Eastern, Middle
and Western Africa. Significant increases did not start in
those regions until the late 1980s or early 1990s; a
development that explains why 87 per cent of the
countries in Africa with data on trends still had
contraceptive prevalence levels below 30 per cent in 2000.
Studies in Africa, Latin America and Russia have
demonstrated an uptake of post abortion contraception of