Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering 2008 May 13-15, 2008 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
978-1-4244-1692-9/08/$25.00 ©2008 IEEE
Mixed Traffic Modeling for Wireless Cellular Network
A.B.M.Siddique Hossain
1
, Md. Shahriar Karim
2
, Md. Imdadul Islam
3
1
Faculty, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
2
Technical Staff, Ericsson Bangladesh Ltd.
3
Faculty, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh
E-mail: shahriar.karim@ericsson.com, shahriar.karim@yahoo.com
Abstract
Any cell of a network experiences two types of call
arrival; new originating call, and handoff call from
surrounding cells. If the number of busy users around
a cell is finite with an average value of N, then rest of
the radio resources of the network can be assigned to
support handoff calls. So, for handoff calls, the traffic
case resembles a network with limited user traffic
(PCT-II), where as rest of the radio resources handle
unlimited user traffic (PCT-I). In this paper, a mixed
traffic model (combination of PCT-I and PCT-II) has
been considered to evaluate different traffic
parameters like, probability state and call blocking of
a cellular network. For analysis, here, two-
dimensional state transition diagram as well as
tabular method is considered.
I. INTRODUCTION
The service area of a mobile network is subdivided
into smaller hexagonal parts. According to network
terminology, this small hexagonal area is known as
“cell” and varies based on their dissimilitude in sizes.
For example, a cell can be defined as pico cell, micro
cell, macro cell etc. and even as satellite cell based on
the area they cover. So, in general, service area of any
wireless mobile network consists of a number of cells
with various names and sizes.
Radio coverage in each cell is provided by
installing Base Transceiver Station (BTS), which
ensures the availability of radio resources in terms of
channels. So, a fixed number of channels (carrier
frequency for FDMA, carrier frequency and time slot
for TDMA and carrier frequency and code for CDMA
case) are available for each cell to support both new
originating and handoff calls, and when a call is made,
a channel is ceased accordingly to establish the call
path.
Let us consider a cell where new originating
traffic follows PCT-I (Pure Chance Traffic-I, with
unlimited users) i.e. M/M/n traffic modeling. Handover
arrival in such a cell depends mainly on average
number of busy users surrounding that cell. For
analysis, it is presumed to have N users in service
around a cell i ; therefore, handoff arrival in that cell
follows PCT-II traffic (Where both number of users
and servers are limited) i.e. M/M/n/K/N traffic
modeling for n k = like [3]-[5]. For a network with
aforesaid arrangement, mixed-traffic concept is more
applicable in analyzing the traffic behavior of the
network. In this paper, two-dimensional Markovian
chain with PCT-I traffic in x direction (for new arrival
traffic) and PCT-II traffic in y direction (for handover
traffic) is proposed based on [6]-[7]. The model
analyzed in the paper is equally applicable for a circuit
switch network as well as for a packet-switched
network. However, for a packet switched network,
when the service time for a packet is fixed, the model
can further be modified to M/D/n/K/N traffic case
according to [8].
The rest of the paper is structured as follows. In
section II, the proposed model is presented as a two
dimensional Markovian chain. Later, generalized
equations are derived with the help of cut equations. In
section III, an appropriate mathematical example is
taken and is explained to justify the whole analysis.
Results are enumerated in Section IV along with
discussion on obtained results. This section also
includes graphical representation of blocking
probability for PCT-I and PCT-II traffic model and
their comparison. We finish with conclusion, given in
Section V.
II. METHODOLOGY
The proposed model is shown in Figure 1 in a two-
dimensional Markovian chain form, where traffic
along x axis is PCT-I type with arrival rate λ
2
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