Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Optik journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijleo Original research article Optical soliton solutions to Fokas-lenells equation using some different methods Anjan Biswas a,b,c , Yakup Yıldırım d , Emrullah Yaşar d, ⁎ , Qin Zhou e , Seithuti P. Moshokoa c , Milivoj Belic f a Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL 35762, USA b Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia c Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0008, South Africa d Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey e School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Wuhan Donghu University, Wuhan 430212, People's Republic of China f Science Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, PO Box 23874, Doha, Qatar ARTICLE INFO OCIS: 060.2310 060.4510 060.5530 190.3270 190.4370Keywords: Modified simple equation method Optical soliton solutions Fokas-Lenells equation Trial equation method ABSTRACT Dark and bright with singular solitons shall be yielded to Fokas–Lenells equation which describes soliton dynamics in optical fibers. The two integration schemes that are applied in this context are the modified simple equation method and the trial equation method. Additional solutions, besides, optical solitons, are recovered. 1. Introduction Optical solitons form the backdrop of research in the area of telecommunications industry. These soliton molecules form the information carrier across inter-continental distances over the globe. There are several models that describe this phenomena mathematically, for instance, nonlinear Schrödinger's equation (NLSE) while others are Manakov model, Chen–Lee–Liu equation, Gerdjikov–Ivanov model, Lakshmanan–Porsezian–Daniel equation, Radhakrishnan–Kundu-Lakshmanan model, Sasa–Satsuma model, complex Ginzburg–Landau equation, Schrödinger–Hirota equation and many more. We shall address a different model which has gained popularity for the past few years since its first appearance about a decade ago. This is the Fokas–Lenells equation (FLE) [1–10]. This is an alternate model to study soliton dynamics through a polarization–preserving optical fiber and is well-known as a generalized type of NLSE with cubic law nonlinearity. The trial and the modified simple equation approaches are two integration techniques that will study this model. We shall yield some special type optical soliton solutions via these schemes to FLE along with their respective existence criteria. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.07.098 Received 24 May 2018; Accepted 24 July 2018 ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail address: emrullah.yasar@gmail.com (E. Yaşar). Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics 173 (2018) 21–31 0030-4026/ © 2018 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. T