~ 432 ~
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(6): 432-436
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2018; 6(6): 432-436
© 2018 JEZS
Received: 14-09-2018
Accepted: 15-10-2018
CP Mallapur
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dharwad
University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad
Karnataka, India
Anjan Kumar Naik
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dharwad
University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad
Karnataka, India
Sireesh Hagari
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dharwad
University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad
Karnataka, India
ST Prabhu
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dharwad
University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad
Karnataka, India
RK Patil
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dharwad
University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad
Karnataka, India
Correspondence
CP Mallapur
Department of Agricultural
Entomology, College of
Agriculture, Dharwad
University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad
Karnataka, India
Status of alien pest fall armyworm, Spodoptera
frugiperda (J E Smith) on maize in Northern
Karnataka
CP Mallapur, Anjan Kumar Naik, Sireesh Hagari, ST Prabhu and RK
Patil
Abstract
In recent days, the production of maize is threatened by the notorious alien pest, Spodoptera frugiperda.
Early incidence of fall armyworm was noticed in Dharwad and was confirmed by molecular studies with
GenBank accession number MH822830. Its infestation in Northern Karnataka ranged from 6.00 to 100
percent. Among different locations surveyed, cent percent incidence was observed in Hullur and Guttala
while, the lowest pest infestation was observed in Sirsi (6.00%) and Mudgod (10.00%). District wise
infestation ranged between 13.50 and 66.50 percent. Highest infestation (66.50%) was in Dharwad
district succeeded by Belagavi (59.55%), Bagalkot (54.96%), Gadag (50.30%), Haveri (50.07%) and
Vijayapura (28.83%) while the least was in Uttar Kannada district (13.50%). The larval population varied
from 8.00 to 140.00 in different maize growing areas of Northern Karnataka. Due to its wide host range,
the pest has a potential to spread to other important crops in near future.
Keywords: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, percent infestation
1. Introduction
Maize is commonly called as “Queen of cereals”. In India maize is cultivated to serve various
purposes like human consumption, cattle and poultry feed, food processing and in the
extraction of starch, dextrose, corn syrup, corn oil etc by various industries. In India, maize is
cultivated in an area of 96.33 million hectares with a production of 258.99 million tonnes and
productivity of 2.69 tonnes per hectare. In Karnataka, maize is cultivated over an area of 13.70
million hectares with a production and productivity of 33.14 million tonnes and 2.42 tonnes
per hectare, respectively
[2]
.
As many as 141 insect pests cause varying degree of damage to maize crop right from sowing
till harvest
[16]
. Apart from these, the recently introduced pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera
frugiperda) is of serious concern due to its notorious and polyphagous behaviour. In the recent
past numerous alien insect pests and diseases have been introduced into India which has
caused havoc and are of potential threat to Indian agriculture. The main reason for its fast
spread might be its strong capacity to fly and disperse long distances annually during the
summer months. The invasion of this pest might be due to advances in agriculture, easy of
global trade and transport and human activities despite strict quarantine norms.
The pest, which is indigenous in the Americas, is highly polyphagous, causing economic
damage in various crops such as maize, sorghum, beans and cotton (Abrahams et al., 2017;
Day et al., 2017). This invasive pest was first reported in West Africa in late 2016 (Goergen,
Kumar, Sankung, Togola, &Tamo, 2016); by early 2017, the pest invaded Sub- Saharan
Africa. Recent reports con-firmed the occurrence of fall armyworm in 28 countries in Africa
(Cock, Beseh, Buddie, Cafa, & Crozier, 2017; Day et al., 2017) indicat-ing the rapid spread of
the pest in the African continent, threatening the food security of millions of people.
The pest, which is indigenous in the Americas, is highly polyphagous, causing economic
damage in various crops such as maize, sorghum, beans and cotton (Abrahams et al., 2017;
Day et al., 2017). This invasive pest was first reported in West Africa in late 2016 (Goergen,
Kumar, Sankung, Togola, &Tamo, 2016); by early 2017, the pest invaded Sub- Saharan
Africa. Recent reports con- firmed the occurrence of fall armyworm in 28 countries in Africa
(Cock, Beseh, Buddie, Cafa, & Crozier, 2017; Day et al., 2017) indicat- ing the rapid spread of
the pest in the African continent, threatening the food security of millions of people.