World Journal of Medical Sciences 7 (2): 64-67, 2012 ISSN 1817-3055 © IDOSI Publications, 2012 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wjms.2012.7.2.6289 Corresponding Author: T. Sivakumar, Microbiology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi-626124, Tamilnadu, India. 64 Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Patterns of Salmonella sp. T. Sivakumar, N. Avinash Saravanavel, D. Prabhu T. Shankar and P. Vijayabaskar PG Research Department of Microbiology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi-626 124, Tamilnadu, India Abstract: Twenty fecal samples have been collected from various clinical laboratories in Viruthunagar district, Tamilnadu. Among this, 19 samples were positive for Salmonella sp. and they were identified after enrichment by standard microscopic, cultural characteristic and biochemical characterization. Among this; six, seven and six isolates were characterized as S. typhi, S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B, respectively. They were tested against 13 different antibiotics by Kirby Bauer method. Among the 19 isolates high rate of resistance was noticed. Key words: Antibiotic Salmonella sp Kirby Bauer MDR INTRODUCTION cases of bacterial food poisoning totally reach 27741 in Salmonella is a Gram negative facultative rod Salmonellosis accounted for 43% in 1999, 21% in 2000, shaped bacterium, trivially known as “enteric bacteria”. 31% in 2001 and 33% in 2002 [4]. Salmonella typhi, the etiologic agent of typhoid fever, In recent years, the prevalence of antimicrobial is a human restricted pathogen. Typhoid fever is still a resistant bacterial pathogens has become a major public major disease in endemic areas of the world. There are health concern and increasing antimicrobial resistance over sixteen million of cases of typhoid fever reported in Salmonella enterica is a serious clinical problem in the 1990’s into 600,000 deaths annually worldwide [1]. worldwide. The majority of the Salmonella sp. The molecular mechanism of Salmonella has acquired multidrug resistance which means pathogenicity is complex. The investigations of the that they have outdated to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, molecular mechanisms of Salmonella virulence factors streptomycin, sulphonamides and tetracyclines [5]. have shown that pathogenic Salmonella sp. The expression of CTX-M mediated resistance gene are distinguished from their non-pathogenic relatives present in Salmonella sp. there by limiting the therapeutic by the presence of specific pathogenicity genes, option for typhoid fever [6]. often organized in so-called pathogenicity islands (PIs) Non-typhoid salmonellosis is one of the most [1, 2]. The genus Salmonella infect human beings leading frequently-reported bacterial foodborne diseases and is a to enteric fever, gastroenteritis and septicemia and major economic and public health issue worldwide. In the parasite the underline of a large number of vertebrate United States, Salmonella serotypes cause an estimated species. These infections are the major causes of 1.4 million cases of foodborne disease each year and the morbidity and mortality in developing world resulting in primary reservoirs of Salmonella are food-producing over quarter of all childhood deaths [3]. animals, the three main sources being poultry, cattle and Globally Salmonella are the major causative agents pigs [7]. Of the numerous different serotypes, only a few associated with acute enteric infection. Environmental are frequently isolated from human and animal sources. source of organism includes water, soil factor, kitchen, Serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium are the most animal feces, raw milk and meat. All age groups are frequently encountered in human and animal sources [8]. susceptible to salmonellosis, but it is more severe in In above background information, the present work was elderly infants. In Japan according to statistics of food mainly focused on the assessment of the effect of various poisoning by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, antibiotics against Salmonella sp. 1993, 32417 in 2000, 15753 in 2001 and 17533 in 2002.