77
International Journal of Basic Sciences & Applied Research. Vol., 5 (1), 77-85, 2016
Available online at http://www.isicenter.org
ISSN 2147-3749 ©2016
A GIS Based Approach in Estimation of Surface Runoff from Kharun River
Basin in Chhattisgarh State India
Ishtiyaq Ahmad
1*
, Dr. M. K. Verma
2
1
Ph.D Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, India
2
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, India
*
Corresponding Author Email: iahmad.ce@nitrr.ac.in
Abstract
One of the important components of hydrologic cycle is runoff and influenced by various
factors including precipitation and watershed characteristics. Numbers of mathematical
models are available to quantify runoff. National Resources Conservation Service (NRSC)
has developed a Geographic Information System (GIS) based method known as Soil
Conservation Services-Curve Number method (SCS-CN) for computing the runoff depth
based on the rainfall depth. This method has universal acceptance as it is simple, predictable
and stable method for computing runoff depth. This method is based on one parameter i.e.
curve number, which is basically a coefficient that reduces the rainfall to runoff. In the
present study SCS-CN method has been applied to estimate the runoff depth in Kharun
River basin, a sub-basin of Sheonath river in Chhattisgarh state. Various layers has been
prepared namely base map, soil map, land use map and other map of the study area using
GIS and remote sensing data. Based on the rainfall data of 21 rain gauge stations in and
around the study area, daily runoff depth has been estimated.
Keywords: Curve Number, Hydrologic Soil Group, Geographic Information System, Remote
Sensing, Runoff.
Introduction
This study aims to compute the runoff depth using Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN)
method using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS). As per Subramanya (2013) the SCS-CN
is a quantitative description of land use / land cover / soil complex characteristics of a watershed. This model is a
widely used hydrological model for estimating runoff using runoff and curve number (CN) as indicated by Seth et
al. (1997-98). The CN is an index that represents the watershed runoff potential. In the present study GIS based
SCS-CN method is used for estimating the runoff depth in the Kharun River Sub-Basin of Sheonath river Basin of
Chhattisgarh State of India. The present study reveals that the remote sensing and GIS based SCS-CN can be
effectively used to estimate the runoff from the river basins of similar geo-hydrological characteristics.