© 2015 INTM, Italy. Published by Wichtg Publishing
TJ
ISSN 0300-8916
Tumori 2015; 101(4): 418-423
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
beter results, many diferent monotherapy or combined
chemotherapy regimens have been studied in the frst-line
setng in MBC (2).
Patents with more aggressive tumors (i.e., triple nega-
tve), who may present with symptomatc visceral metastases,
are shown to respond beter to combinaton chemotherapy
regimens, whereas patents with more slowly progressing dis-
ease are suggested to beneft more from single-agent chemo-
therapy (3, 4). Cochrane collaboraton meta-analysis showed
that combinaton chemotherapy protocols ofer a beneft in
overall survival (OS), tme to progression, and response over
traditonal single-agent chemotherapy, including cyclophos-
phamide, fuorouracil (FU), and epirubicin (5). However, this
meta-analysis did not compare the more recent agents, in-
cluding capecitabine and taxanes. Indeed, recent studies sup-
port the use of single-agent therapy because this strategy
is generally less toxic, improves quality of life, and provides
survival rates similar to those achieved with combinaton regi-
mens (6-9).
One of the oral single-agent therapies used as a frst-line
monotherapy for MBC is capecitabine. Capecitabine is a safe
DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000332
Efcacy of capecitabine monotherapy as the frst-line
treatment of metastatc HER2-negatve breast cancer
Taner Babacan
1
, Orhan Efe
1
, Ahmet S. Hasirci
1
, Fath Demirci
1
, Hakan Buyukhatpoglu
2
, Ozan Balakan
2
, Furkan Sarici
1
,
Neyran Kertmen
1
, Ece Esin
1
, Serkan Akin
1
, Ozturk Ates
1
, Sercan Aksoy
1
, Ali R. Sever
3
, Kadri Altundag
1
1
Department of Medical Oncology, Hacetepe University Cancer Insttute, Ankara - Turkey
2
Department of Medical Oncology, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep - Turkey
3
Department of Radiology, Hacetepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara - Turkey
Introducton
For the vast majority of patents, metastatc breast cancer
(MBC) is an incurable disease and systemic treatment aims
to prolong survival, provide symptom palliaton, and improve
patents’ quality of life. There are several factors that need to
be considered in the treatment strategies of MBC, such as pa-
tent age, presence of symptoms, tumor characteristcs (e.g.,
estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or human epider-
mal receptor 2 [HER2] status), disease-free intervals, disease
extent, and previous treatments (1). In order to achieve
ABSTRAcT
Aims and Background: Capecitabine is a potent and safe agent that can be used afer anthracycline and taxane
treatment in patents with metastatc breast cancer (MBC). The purpose of this study was to investgate the ef-
fcacy and safety of capecitabine monotherapy as a frst-line treatment in human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)-
negatve patents with MBC.
Methods and Study design: In this single-center trial, a total of 109 HER2-negatve patents with MBC who re-
ceived capecitabine monotherapy as frst-line treatment between 2003 and 2014 were retrospectvely analyzed.
Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was carried out for progression-free survival (PFS) and for overall survival (OS).
Two-sided p values of <0.05 were considered statstcally signifcant.
Results: Median PFS was 7.0 ± 0.67 (confdence interval (CI) 5.6-8.3) months and median OS was 30 ± 4.1 (CI 21.8-
38.1) months. First-line capecitabine treatment for HER2-negatve MBC was more efectve in the estrogen recep-
tor (ER)-positve patent populaton compared to the ER-negatve group (median PFS 9 vs 4 months (p = 0.002),
median OS 33 vs 21 months (p = 0.01)). Indeed, the overall response rate in the ER-negatve group was 16%, while
this was calculated as 38% for ER-positve cases. While most of our patent populaton was treated with a higher
dose (1250 mg/m
2
), the observed grade 3-4 toxicites were lower compared to some previously reported phase
II and phase III capecitabine studies.
conclusions: Capecitabine monotherapy is an efectve and safe regimen for ER-positve, HER2-negatve patents
with MBC. Its low toxicity profle compared to other intravenous cytotoxic agents and the ease of its oral admin-
istraton make this agent a preferable opton for both physicians and patents.
Keywords: Capecitabine monotherapy, Metastatc breast cancer, Overall survival, Progression-free survival
Accepted: February 24, 2015
Published online: April 27, 2015
corresponding author:
Kadri Altundag, MD
Hacetepe University Cancer Insttute
06100 Sihhiye
Ankara, Turkey
drkadri@usa.net