ISSN 0975-8437 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DENTAL CLINICS 2011:3(4):16-19
©INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DENTAL CLINICS VOLUME 3 ISSUE 4 2011 16
Oral Health Awareness and Attitude among 12-13 Year Old School Children in Udaipur, India
Archana J. Sharda , Srinath Shetty , Dr. Ramesh N , Jagat Sharda , Nagesh Bhat, Kailash Asawa
Abstract
Background: Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the Oral health awareness (Knowledge) and
Attitude among 12-13 year old school children in Udaipur City, India. Material and methods: In a cross-
sectional study, a total of 514 children of 12-13 years old (306 (59.5%) Boys and 208 (40.5%) Girls) were
surveyed using a self-administered, structured questionnaire written in English and pretested through a pilot
survey to assess the oral health awareness and attitude. Descriptive statistics using frequency distribution, mean
percentage scores and standard deviation were calculated. The Student’s t-test was used to assess the differences
in mean scores by age and gender and chi-squared test was used as a test of significance for the proportions.
Results: The mean percentage knowledge and Attitude scores were 46.826±14.361 and 81.08±23.063
respectively for all the children. There was no statistically significant difference for the mean percentage
knowledge and attitude scores by age and gender. Conclusion: These results indicate a positive attitude but a
low level of oral health awareness among 12-13 year old school children in Udaipur, India. The present study
showed the need for the oral health education of the school children aiming at improving oral health knowledge
and continuous implementation of school oral health promotion programs.
Key Words: oral health awareness; knowledge; attitude; school children
Introduction
Oral health is now recognized as equally
important in relation to general health. Oral disease
is one of the most costly diet- and lifestyle-related
diseases.(1, 2) Oral disease can lead to pain and
tooth loss, a condition that affects the appearance,
quality of life, nutritional intake and consequently,
the growth and development of children. The
burden of oral disease is considerable. Tooth decay
and gum disease are among the most widespread
conditions in human populations, affecting over
80% of schoolchildren in some countries.(3-5)
Many oral health problems are preventable and
their early onset reversible. The traditional
behavior change model states that imparting
knowledge will enhance the attitude and health
related behavior. But the precise nature of
relationship between oral health awareness
(knowledge), health related attitudes and behavior
is complex. It it shown that people who have
assimilated the knowledge and feel a sense of
personal control over their oral health are more
likely to adopt self-care behavior.(6) Also the oral
health concern of an individual is dependent on the
attitude of a person.(7)
Given that many risk behaviors stem from
the school-age years, schools have powerful
influences on children's development and well-
being.(8-10) However, in several countries a
considerable number of children, their parents and
teachers have limited knowledge of the causes and
prevention of oral disease.(11-14) Children can be
provided with knowledge that enables them to
make healthy choices, to adopt a healthy lifestyle
and to deal with conflicts. Children are the ideal
target group for an early intervention because
healthy behaviours and lifestyles developed at a
young age are more sustainable. So the present
study, which is a part of a school based project to
evaluate the effectiveness of oral health promotion
programme, was aimed to assess the oral health
awareness and attitude of 12-13 year old school
children in Udaipur, India.
Materials and Methods
Subjects: In an epidemiological cross-
sectional survey, 12-13 year old school children in
Udaipur, India were examined to assess the dental
caries prevalence. A simple random sampling was
done to select three schools for the purpose of the
study and the duration of study was three months.
Ethical Approval and Official Permission:
Before starting the survey ethical approval was
obtained from the ethical committee of PAHER
University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India and official
permission was obtained from the authorities
(Principal/Director) of the schools included in the
study. Survey form: A survey form was prepared
with help of a self-administered structured
questionnaire written in English and validated
through a pilot survey including 20 multiple choice
questions to evaluate the oral health awareness
(knowledge) and attitude of the 12-13 year old
school children. The survey forma was divided into
three sections as follows:
1) Demographic information: About Name, Age,
Sex, Name and area of school and Year of study of
the participants.
2) Oral health knowledge: The assessment of
participant’s oral health knowledge included 16
questions (as per the order K1-K16) on the number
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE