Effectiveness of Phosphorous Fertilizers in Wheat Crop Production in Pakistan Aftab Jamal 1* and Muhammad Fawad 2 1 Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan 2 Department of Weed Science University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan * aftabses98@gmail.com Keywords: Wheat crop, Phosphorous, Pakistan Abstract. Phosphorus (P) is that element of the periodic table, which is extensively found in nature and along with nitrogen and potassium represents the overall composition of plants and animal life. Phosphorus performed different metabolic activities in plants and is one of the key elements for the maturation of plants and boosting up the larger quantities. As it has a vital role in the metabolism and energy production reaction and can survive the unfavorable environmental effects so cause increase in yield. A research review was carried out on the effectiveness of P fertilizers for wheat crop production in Pakistan. Almost all of the researchers in all areas indicated that P fertilizers significantly improved the growth as well as yield parameters of wheat crop. But the optimum rate of P fertilizer at which highest yield recorded was different for each area, soil and environmental condition. Although these findings on P fertilization representing many capable results regarding to yield and yield components of wheat but still further research is strongly recommended to evaluate the dynamics of P in soil as well as the interaction effect of P with other micro and macro nutrients. 1. Introduction Phosphorus has a vital role in the metabolism and energy production reaction and can survive the unfavourable environmental effects so cause an increase in yield [1]. Phosphorous has a dominant role in the physiological processes of living organisms particularly in plants [2]. Most of Pakistan soils are calcareous in nature, which are not only low in the parent material containing the phosphorus mineral but its alkaline nature further reduces its availability in soil. Most of the soils in Pakistan contain less than 10 mg P2O5 kg -1 soil [3]. Wheat occupied more than 36.3 of the total cropped area of Pakistan which is still below the average production of wheat as compared with developing countries [4]. The most important factor which increases wheat crop production is the supply of nutrients in an adequate amount [5]. J.M.T. Tariq et al. [6] also considered the adequate and proper supply of nutrients to wheat crop as key factor for optimum production. Soils of Pakistan are alkaline in reaction and calcareous in nature that’s why P fixation in these soils is a serious problem when P fertilizers are added to the soil, the soil rapidly and tightly adsorbed large amount of P and this adsorbed P is not available to plants [7]. According to [8] 93 % of Pakistani soils are deficient in available P; the phosphorus fertilizer use can help to reduce the adverse effect of drought under rainfed conditions. P got dominant importance for crop production and importance is being given on the efficient use of P fertilizers for sustainable crop production [9]. Even though tremendous amount of research have been conducted on phosphorus for the last many years, its behavior in the soil and availability to crops are still not fully understood. Therefore, continued evaluation of fertilizer effectiveness should be exercised through short and long term experimentation [10], and different methods of fertilizer application need to be assessed in depth for a more meaningful correlation with yield and plant uptake [11]. Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research Submitted: 2018-10-01 ISSN: 2624-814X, Vol. 5, pp 25-29 Revised: 2018-10-24 doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/JHPR.5.25 Accepted: 2018-11-06 2019 SciPress Ltd., Switzerland Online: 2019-01-22 SciPress applies the CC-BY 4.0 license to works we publish: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/