Jurnal Hukum Volkgeist
https://doi.org/10.35326/volkgeist.v6i1.1548
Vol. 6 No.1, December 2021
69
Legal Protection for unregistered citizen at Healthcare and Social Security
Agency (BPJS)
Andi Nur Awaliah Ramadhani
1*
, Zulkifli Aspan
1
, Muh. Hasrul
1
1
Faculty of Law, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
*Correspondence: anurulandi@gmail.com
ARTICLE HISTORY ABSTRACT
Received: 27.10.2021
Accepted: 24.12.2021
Published: 27.12.2021
Despite the reality that the JKN program is necessary for all Indonesian residents, there are still
individuals who have not enrolled as JKN members. The purpose of this research is to evaluate
and explain the application of individual health services and the government's impediments to
citizens receiving legal protection under the BPJS health health social security system. The
research approach adopted is one of normative legal research. A descriptive legal approach
was adopted in the assessment process. According to the findings of this study, the application
of individual health services in the framework of legal protection for people who are not enrolled
in the BPJS Health social security system is restricted to the supply of health facilities. The state
does not offer legal protection in the form of duty for delivering health care, because individuals
who are not enrolled as BPJS Health participants will be registered as general patients, requiring
them to pay for treatments individually or through private insurance. While the idea of BPJS
Health as given in the BPJS Law requires everyone to register for BPJS Health, BPJS Health
still has several inadequacies, which causes some individuals to be hesitant and unwilling to
register as BPJS Health participants. The government cannot claim that the lack of legal
protection in health services is the responsibility of those who do not register as BPJS Health
participants, because this is a result or implication of the numerous deficiencies in health
services that continue to employ BPJS Health.
Keywords: Legal Protection; Citizen; BPJS
ARTICLE LICENCE
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1. Introduction
Social security that enables individuals to grow is one of the fundamental rights proclaimed in the 1945
Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD NRI 1945) as the highest regulatory hierarchy. This is expressed in
paragraph (3) of article 28H, which states that everyone has the right to social security that enables his or her
complete development as a dignified human being.
Furthermore, the development of the social security system has also been regulated in Article 34 paragraph
(2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The State develops a social security system for all people
and empowers the weak and incapable in accordance with human rights dignity.
The declaration of constitutional social security as a universal right is a response to the 1948 United Nations
Declaration on Human Rights. Indonesia accepted the declaration, which establishes that everyone has the right
to social security in the case of unemployment, disease, disability, inability to work, widowhood, or old age. In order
to comply with the United Nations Declaration on Social Security Rights, ILO Convention No. 102 of 1952 suggested
that all nations offer fundamental protection to all citizens (Tim Kecil Pokja, 2020). As part of the process of creating
social security and following the mandate of the Republic of Indonesia's 1945 Constitution, Law No. the spirit of
recognizing social security as a right of all people to receive a social "feeling of security" from birth to death. This
is to ensure that the fundamental necessities of a decent existence are met and to enhance dignity in order to
realize an Indonesian society that is prosperous, just, and prosperous(Sulastomo, 2011).
According to the requirements of Article 1 paragraph (1) of Law No. 40 of 2004 on the National Social
Security System, Social Security is a kind of social protection designed to ensure that all individuals may meet their
fundamental necessities for a dignified existence (NKRI, 2004). Additionally, Article 1 paragraph (2) of the SJSN