REVIEW published: 14 December 2021 doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.789690 Edited by: Carlos R. Tirapelli, University of São Paulo, Brazil Reviewed by: Eliana Hiromi Akamine, University of São Paulo, Brazil Tiago J. Costa, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States *Correspondence: Kristina R. Gopcevic kristinagopcevic@yahoo.com Specialty section: This article was submitted to Vascular Physiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Physiology Received: 05 October 2021 Accepted: 17 November 2021 Published: 14 December 2021 Citation: Gopcevic KR, Gkaliagkousi E, Nemcsik J, Acet Ö, Bernal-Lopez MR, Bruno RM, Climie RE, Fountoulakis N, Fraenkel E, Lazaridis A, Navickas P, Rochfort KD, Šatrauskien ˙ e A, Zupkauskien ˙ e J and Terentes-Printzios D (2021) Pathophysiology of Circulating Biomarkers and Relationship With Vascular Aging: A Review of the Literature From VascAgeNet Group on Circulating Biomarkers, European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action 18216. Front. Physiol. 12:789690. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.789690 Pathophysiology of Circulating Biomarkers and Relationship With Vascular Aging: A Review of the Literature From VascAgeNet Group on Circulating Biomarkers, European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action 18216 Kristina R. Gopcevic 1 * , Eugenia Gkaliagkousi 2 , János Nemcsik 3,4 , Ömür Acet 5 , M. Rosa Bernal-Lopez 6 , Rosa M. Bruno 7 , Rachel E. Climie 7,8,9 , Nikolaos Fountoulakis 10 , Emil Fraenkel 11 , Antonios Lazaridis 2 , Petras Navickas 12 , Keith D. Rochfort 13 , Agn ˙ e Šatrauskien ˙ e 12,14 ,J¯ urat ˙ e Zupkauskien ˙ e 12 and Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios 15 1 Laboratory for Analytics of Biomolecules, Department of Chemistry in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia, 2 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, 3 Department of Family Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, 4 Health Service of ZUGLO, Department of Family Medicine, Budapest, Hungary, 5 Vocational School of Health Science, Pharmacy Services Program, Tarsus University, Tarsus, Turkey, 6 Internal Medicine Department, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga, University of Malaga, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain, 7 Unversite de Paris, INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France, 8 Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia, 9 Sports Cardiology Lab, Clinical Research Domain, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 10 Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London - Waterloo Campus, London, United Kingdom, 11 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia, 12 Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania, 13 School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, 14 Centre of Cardiology and Angiology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania, 15 First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Impairment of the arteries is a product of sustained exposure to various deleterious factors and progresses with time; a phenomenon inherent to vascular aging. Oxidative stress, inflammation, the accumulation of harmful agents in high cardiovascular risk conditions, changes to the extracellular matrix, and/or alterations of the epigenetic modification of molecules, are all vital pathophysiological processes proven to contribute to vascular aging, and also lead to changes in levels of associated circulating molecules. Many of these molecules are consequently recognized as markers of vascular impairment and accelerated vascular aging in clinical and research settings, however, for these molecules to be classified as biomarkers of vascular aging, further criteria must be met. In this paper, we conducted a scoping literature review identifying thirty of the most important, and eight less important, biomarkers of vascular aging. Herein, we overview a selection of the most important molecules connected with the above-mentioned pathological conditions and study their usefulness as circulating biomarkers of vascular aging. Keywords: vascular aging, circulating biomarkers, oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular matrix, epigenetics Frontiers in Physiology | www.frontiersin.org 1 December 2021 | Volume 12 | Article 789690