*Correspondence: nidhinegi28@gmail.com (Received: February 05, 2021; accepted: July 21, 2021) Citaton: Pokhriyal BC, Raina D, Chandola I, Negi N, Singh H, Kataria V. Determining the Prevalence of Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis in A Tertary Care Centre of North India by using Rapid Culture Method and Gene Xpert. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2021;15(3):1480-1489. doi: 10.22207/JPAM.15.3.42 © The Author(s) 2021. Open Access. This artcle is distributed under the terms of the Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distributon, and reproducton in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creatve Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Pokhriyal et al. | J Pure Appl Microbiol | 15(3):1480-1489 | September 2021 Artcle 6885 | htps://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.15.3.42 Print ISSN: 0973-7510; E-ISSN: 2581-690X ReseARCh ARtiCle OPeN ACCess www.microbiologyjournal.org 1480 Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology Determining the Prevalence of Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis in A Tertary Care Centre of North India by using Rapid Culture Method and Gene Xpert Bipin Chandra Pokhriyal 1 , Dimple Raina 1 , iva Chandola 1 , Nidhi Negi 2 *, hitendra singh 2 and Vijay Kataria 1 1 Department of Microbiology, Sri Guru Ram Rai Insttute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun - 248 001, Utarakhand, India. 2 Department of Microbiology, Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun - 248 001, Utarakhand, India. Abstract The objectve of the present study is to fnd the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from respiratory samples like sputum, BAL and pleural fuid, compare conventonal LJ culture with rapid culture method i.e Mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT) and to determine the patern of drug resistance by automated methods i.e Gene Xpert. Respiratory samples were collected in sterile, wide mouth, disposable, leak proof containers without any preservatves. Specimens were inoculated into MGIT for primary isolaton of Mycobacteria. The specimen was processed according to the SOP manual provided by Becton Dickinson Company. The tubes were read for increasing fuorescence by MGIT reader. Reported results only when a MGIT tube was positve by the MGIT reader and smear made from the positve broth is also positve for AFB. For further identfcaton, TBcID card test was put from MGIT positve tube and the result was given accordingly as mentoned in the procedure for TBcID kit insert. Polymerase chain reacton (PCR) was done in all 17 positve cases. The drug sensitvity test (CB- NAAT) was done at State Intermediate Reference Laboratory, Chandan Nagar, Dehradun, Utrakhand as per RNTCP laboratory operatonal guidelines. In our study total number of samples received from the clinically suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were 156, out of which 11% were positve and 89% were negatve. The predominant age group involved was 51-60 years 24%, followed by 61-70 years 22%. In young children and adolescent age group very less number of samples were received i.e. 0-5%. Out of 17 positve samples, 94.11% (16/17) were detected as sensitve for Rifampicin and 5.89% (1/17) were resistant. On the statstcal analysis of our data for MGIT, Positve Predictve Value (PPV) was 29% against Negatve Predictve Value (NPV) of 100%. The specifcity of MGIT was 92% against a sensitvity of 100%. Culture is stll needed for species identfcaton, confrmaton and drug susceptbility testng. The diagnostc superiority of MGIT, both in terms of sensitvity and specifcity has been proven beter as compared to LJ in previous other studies and supported by our study as well. In our study, the diagnostc efcacy of MGIT culture was found to be superior as compared to the conventonal LJ culture. The positvity rate was 10.89% (17/156) in MGIT & 3.2% (5/156) in LJ culture. Keywords: Rifampicin, LJ culture, PCR