wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/anzjog 1 © 2017 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12621
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The efects of gestational use of antidepressants and
antipsychotics on neonatal outcomes for women with
severe mental illness
Jacqueline Frayne
1,2
, Thinh Nguyen
3,4
, Kellie Bennett
3
, Suzanna Allen
1
,
Yvonne Hauck
5,6
and Helena Liira
2
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2017; 1–7
1
Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, King Edward Memorial
Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia,
Australia
2
School of Primary, Aboriginal and Rural
Health Care, University of Western
Australia, Crawley, Western Australia,
Australia
3
School of Psychiatry and Clinical
Neurosciences, University of Western
Australia, Perth, Western Australia,
Australia
4
Peel and Rockingham Kwinana Mental
Health Services, Rockingham, Western
Australia, Australia
5
Department of Nursing and Midwifery
Education, King Edward Memorial
Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia,
Australia
6
School of Nursing, Midwifery and
Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth,
Western Australia, Australia
Correspondence: Jacqueline Frayne,
Childbirth and Mental Illness Antenatal
Clinic, King Edward Memorial Hospital,
374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA 6008,
Australia.
Email: Jacqueline.frayne@uwa.edu.au
Conficts of interest: none.
Received: 15 August 2016;
Accepted: 1 February 2017
Background: Psychotropic medication use occurs in 8% of pregnancies, with
rates increasing, and often multiple medications prescribed.
Aims: This study aims to determine if the use of psychotropic medication, in a
cohort of women with severe mental illness, increases rates of special care nurs-
ery admission and reports diferences between antidepressant and antipsychotic
medication use either alone or in combination.
Methods: A retrospective database analysis from a cohort with severe mental
illness in pregnancy identifed 268 pregnant women who were grouped accord-
ing to medication type. Demographic, obstetric and neonatal variables were ana-
lysed using t-tests, χ
2
, analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis for
special care nursery admission.
Results: The medication groups consisted of: women taking no psychotropic
medications (n = 67); those taking antipsychotics (n = 87); those taking antide-
pressants (n = 55); those taking and a combination of antidepressants/antipsy-
chotics (n = 59). Rates of special care nursery admission in women who took
psychotropic medication (41.3%) were elevated compared to those who did not
(26.9%) (P = 0.035), and were signifcantly raised when compared to the general
population (P < 0.000). No signifcant diference occurred between the medica-
tion groups. A signifcant adjusted odds ratio of 2.79 (95% CI 1.286–6.049) was
found for special care nursery and psychiatric admission during pregnancy but
not for psychotropic medication.
Conclusion: Rates of special care nursery admission are elevated in neonates of
women with severe mental illness taking psychotropic medication, but were not
diferent for monotherapy or polytherapy when prescribing antidepressants or an-
tipsychotic medication. Additional vulnerability occurs in the neonates of women
with a mental illness and paediatric presence at delivery is recommended.
KEYWORDS
neonatal outcomes, antidepressant, antipsychotic medication, special care nursery,
pregnancy