ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE MEDIATED TRIMERIZATION OF BENZOTHIAZOLE: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 2,2-BIS[BENZOTHIAZOLYL]BENZOTHIAZOLE. J. Vela-Becerra, P. Sharma', A. Cabrera, C. Alvarez, A. Toscano and G. Penieres. Instituto de Quimica, UNAM. Circuito Exterior, Coyoacan 04510 Mexico D. F. Mexico. Tel/Fax: (52) 5622 4515 E-mail: pankajsh@servidor.unam.mx Abstract The reaction of three equivalents of antimony trichloride with 2-lithium benzothiazole leads to a trimeric, coupling product. This reaction is similar to those in which PCI 3 leads to heterocycle dimerization. The monomeric, molecular structure of the title compound was determined by X-ray crystallography. The crystal is monoclinic, a=14.681(1)A A, b=8.491(2) A, c=15.966(6) Α, zyxwvutsrqponmlkihgfedcbaZXTSPONMLIHEDCBA ί=108.00(2)°; space group P2,/n, Z=4 for C 2 iH 13 N 3 S 3 , and Pcaicd=1-416 g/cm 3 . Introduction In continuation to our interest on new tertiary stibines containing heterocyclic aromatic rings (1, 2), the reaction of three equivalents of 2-lithiumbenzothiazole with antimony trichloride was tried. Surprisingly, a trimeric, coupling product (2,2-Bis[Benzothiazolyl]Benzothiazole),SNHC C 2 i H 13 N 3 S3, was obtained after workup. Only dimeric coupling products of benzothiazole and other heteroaromatic compounds have been obtained in a similar way by either using PCI 3 instead of SbCI 3 or by reaction of the corresponding heteroarylphosphine with aryl- or heteroaryllithium derivatives. (3). Nonetheless, a trimeric species is formed in the presence of SbCI 3 . To best of our knowledge, this is the first example of trimerization of benzothiazole promoted by SbCI 3 . Studies are in progress to generalize this procedure. Experimental 2-Lithiumbenzothiazole was prepared as described in the literature (10). A solution of SbCI 3 (3.3 g, 14.7 mmol) in diethyl ether was added dropwise to a cold (-70 °C) solution of 2-lithiumbenzothiazole (44 mmol) in diethyl ether-hexane. The mixture was further stirred for 30 min and then allowed to reach ambient temperature. Treatment with cold water and extraction in hexane, followed by drying over anhydrous Na 2 S0 4 afforded the product. Slow crystallization from dichloromethane-pentane solution yielded single crystals suitable for X-ray structure determination. Data Tor C 2 iH 13 N 3 S 3 , pale orange crystals, mp 184-191 °C (dec.), 63% yield. Mass spectrum (El MS) [Mf 403, [M-{C 7 H 4 NS}] + 269, [M-{C, 4 H 8 N 2 S 2 }f 135. The mass spectra were recorded in a Hewlett-Packard Model 5985 Β GCMS mass spectrometer. X-Ray diffraction studies were done by the direct method on a Siemens P4/PC diffractometer, with the w-20 scan type and using Mo- Ka radiation. Results and Discussion A hypervalent intermediate mechanism has been proposed by Uchida and Takaya (3) to account for ligand exchange and ligand coupling at phosphorus atom. The difference between dimeric and trimeric coupling