Global Journal of Pharmacology 9 (2): 166-173, 2015
ISSN 1992-0075
© IDOSI Publications, 2015
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.gjp.2015.9.2.93140
Corresponding Author: Sonia Tyagi, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Plot
No. 2, Sector 17-A, Yamuna Expressway, Greater Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Tel: +91 8882285549.
166
Advancement and Patents on Liposomal Drug Delivery
Sonia Tyagi, Pramod Kumar Sharma and Rishabha Malviya
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences Galgotias University,
Greater Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract: Liposomes derived from Greek: 'Lipos' means fat and 'Soma' means body. Liposomes increase
efficacy and therapeutic index of drug, stability via encapsulation. They are biocompatible and
completely biodegradable in nature. On structure parameters, liposomes are classified into large unilamellar,
medium lamellar, giant unilamellar, oligolamellar etc. On preparation parameters, liposomes are classified into
Single or oligolamellar vesicle made by reverse phase evaporation method, Multilamellar vesicle made by
reverse phase evaporation method, Stable plurilamellar vesicle. On Composition and application, liposomes are
classified into conventional liposome, fusogenic liposome, cationic liposome, long circulatory liposome
etc. Liposomes are prepared bypassive loading technique and active loading techniques. Various marketed
formulations are available in market of liposomes for different diseases.
Key words: Liposomes Method Of Preparation Therapeutic Application Marketed Formulation Patents
INTRODUCTION biodegradable, non-toxic, flexible and non
Liposome is derived from Greek: 'Lipos' means fat and administrations.
'Soma' means body [1]. They consist of microscopic Liposomes reduce toxicity because of its capsulation
spherical one or more lipid bilayer surrounding aqueous character (Amphotericin B, Taxol).
volume enclosed by lipid volume, where the polar head Liposomes help to reduce exposure of sensitive
groups are oriented in the pathway of the interior and tissues to toxic drugs.
exterior aqueous phases. Particle sizes of liposomes are Site avoidance effect.
ranging from 30 nm to several micrometers [2]. Liposomes Flexibility to couple with site-specific ligands to
consist by natural or synthetic phospholipids. Liposomes achieve active targeting.
have been known for their considerable potential such as
biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity and biodegradable Disadvantages of Liposomes: There are some
properties as drug carriers. Due to their inherent structural disadvantages of liposomes;
specifities and properties, Liposomes are capable of
encapsulating hydrophilic drugs inside their aqueous Production cost is high.
phase and hydrophobic drugs inside their phospholipids Leakage and fusion of encapsulated drug /molecules.
bilayers [3, 4]. Sometimes phospholipids undergo oxidation and
Advantages of Liposome: There are various advantages of Short half-life.
liposomes; Problem to targeting to various tissues due to their
Liposomes have efficacy and therapeutic index of Low solubility, less stability [5].
drug (Actinomycin-D).
Liposomes increase stability via encapsulation. Classification of Liposome: Liposomes can be classified
Liposomes are biocompatible, completely on the bases of following parameters;
immunogenic for systemic and non-systemic
hydrolysis like reaction.
large size.