71 SURVEILLANCE CAMERA SOC ARCHITECTURE USING ONE-BIT MOTION DETECTION FOR PORTABLE APPLICATIONS Jeonghun Kim 1 , Jeongwoo Park 1 , Kwangjae Lee 1 , Kyoungbum Kim 1 , Kwang-Hyun Baek 2 and Suki Kim 1 1 Electronics and Computer Engineering Department, Korea University, Seoul, Korea 2 School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea jhkim@ulsi.krea.ac.kr ABSTRACT This paper presents a single chip architecture using a one-bit motion detection algorithm and its applications and user interfaces. The proposed motion-detection algorithm uses just one-bit images, which are selected by binary search algorithm for finding the proper reference. A conventional surveillance system requires many components and has been too complicate for portable applications. In this paper, we present a simple architecture and a motion detector that can detect the change of an object surrounding in order to realize low power and low cost. We present the experimental results and verify all functions from motion detection to an user interface program on FPGA board. I. INTRODUCTION The motion detection is widely used in real-time image processing systems such as wireless security and occupancy-detection systems, medical instruments, toys and others in order to extract moving objects and detect motions in currently acquired images[1]. Recently, according to increasing portable security applications, it is more important that surveillance system have low power consumption with simple operation and small size. To meet these requirements for the portable applications, not only a motion detection sensor but also various functional blocks should be integrated into a one-chip. In applications like surveillance, detection functions of moving objects are the first processing step. These systems should detect objects whose appearances are generally not known. There are a various approaches such as optical flow analysis, threshold methods, or correlation techniques in the last few decades [2]-[4]. In the previous algorithms, lots of image data had to be stored and moved around between blocks, resulting in high cost and power consumption. These researches have been developed with over-specification and excessive features, which make them inadequate for simple security applications. The existing motion detection systems concentrate on only either the algorithmic or the sensory part and do not consider their applications and the system [2]-[7]. In this paper, we focus on the surveillance systems and their portable applications. A main purpose of the surveillance systems is to detect the motions and to capture their images. To achieve two features, one-bit image is selected. To determine the reference of the one-bit image, a binary search algorithm is proposed. The proposed simple architecture allows the reductions of both cost and power consumption. We verify all functions including the one-bit motion detection on FPGA board. We also implement the user interface. II. SOC ARCHITECTURE The simple SOC architecture is shown in Fig.1. The proposed architecture consists of a motion detection sensor (MDS), a host control interface (HCI) master, a JPEG encoder, a general CIS interface and peripheral. To achieve low cost and low power, we propose a simple architecture and the HCI master is substituted for the general MCU. A JPEG encoder and NAND flash controller are implemented to reduce the image data size and the transfer data. The clock management block controls each blocks according to the monitoring period and the motion changes. The advanced microcontroller bus architecture (AMBA) system is Figure 1: Simple SOC Architecture of Surveillance Camera 0-7803-9782-7/07/$20.00 2007 IEEE The Proceeding of International SOC Conference, 2007 IEEE