~ 343 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(5): 343-349 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2019; 7(5): 343-349 © 2019 JEZS Received: 16-07-2019 Accepted: 18-08-2019 Nizar Shawket Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Quality (LABEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, PB:133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco Youssef Elmadhi (1). Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Quality (LABEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, PB:133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco (2). Professor at Research Team in Education, Environment and Health (EREES), Regional Center of Trades Education and Training Rabat, Sale, Kenitra, Morocco Khadija El Kharrim Professor, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Quality (LABEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, PB:133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco Driss Belghyti Professor, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Quality (LABEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, PB:133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco Correspondence Nizar Shawket Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Quality (LABEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, PB:133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco Impacts of climate change on fish performance Nizar Shawket, Youssef Elmadhi, Khadija El Kharrim and Driss Belghyti Abstract Fishes play a complex and vital role as a source of protein and economic prosperity in developing countries which depend on traditional or commercial fishing. On the other hand, fishing is considered a source of income for most of the poor families which live in coastal areas. Although, there is a growing recognition that climate change leads to higher water temperatures and increased salinity, oxygen content, ocean acidification and impact on fishes in marine and freshwater ecosystems. These effects result in entering the non-native fish species to aquatic systems. Climate change also influences on native fishes by loss their habitats by their extreme competitive with non-native fishes which adapted with climate change. Moreover, transmission rates of parasites and pathogens between fishes are possible to rise with increasing salinity and temperature, which cause to the death of fish. However, the effect of climate change is continuing until the moment and more complex. Keywords: Climate change, effect, marine, freshwater, fishes 1. Introduction Fishing is one of the oldest human activities that has received great attention. Then, in the beginning of the 19th century, with the use of steam trawlers in England, fisheries manufacturing began. Then it was replaced by diesel engines after the First World War [1, 2] . Currently, fleets fish in all of the world’s oceans and their number are estimated at 3.2 million fishing vessels [2] . Here lies the importance of fishing, so it will be vitally important to conserve marine resources from climate change more sustainably [3] . All aquatic ecosystems are being affected by climate changes, including natural systems. While, many changes which occur on water quality and thermal structure, rivers and warming of lakes affect on hydrological systems and also predators high in the food chain [4,5] . Climate change effects on fish in aquatic systems including marine waters and rivers, coastal estuarine habitats [6, 7] . According to the reports of [8-10] that climate changes on fish species in marine ecosystems have already been documented throughout the world. Climate change may lead to fishes extinctions in semi-enclosed seas and others aquatic regions. Also, can influence their fecundity, therefore decrease in egg number and size in many species [11,12] and probably affect on the abundance, distribution of fisheries catches, and consequently fishing operations and the effectiveness of fisheries management measures [13, 14] . 2. Stress of climate changes on population dynamics Current and future climate change could have a significant impact on fish stock [13,14,15] . The animal species are distributed in areas where the environmental conditions are favorable to their physiology, in particular through tolerance thresholds relative to the temperature. As a result of climate change, species can change their distribution to track climate change, provided that species' dispersal capabilities and resource availability allow for these shifts [16-18] . In recent decades, several studies have shown high distribution shifts in response to a rapid warming climate [19, 20] . These range changes have affected a wide range of taxonomic groups and geographic areas. It has also been shown that fish in the North Sea have changed their vertical distribution and are present at deeper depths than in the early 1980s [21] . Marine fisheries face a several threats include overfishing, pollution and anthropogenic. Nowadays, they are still face to face with climate change threats [22, 23] . Species respond individually to climatic disturbances, whether at the physiological or distributional level, it is clear that spatial and temporal associations between species of the same trophic level (competition) or adjacent trophic levels (predation) can be disturbed.