Civil Engineering and Architecture 9(2): 493-499, 2021 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/cea.2021.090221
Water Level Prediction Using Different Numbers of
Time Series Data Based on Chaos Approach
Adib Mashuri
1
, Nur Hamiza Adenan
2,*
, Nor Suriya Abd Karim
2
, Nor Zila Abd Hamid
2
1
Department of General Studies, Batu Lanchang Vocational College,11600 Jelutong, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
2
Department of Mathematics, Faculty Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak,
Malaysia
Received January 7, 2021; Revised February 26, 2021; Accepted March 12, 2021
Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Adib Mashuri, Nur Hamiza Adenan, Nor Suriya Abd Karim, Nor Zila Abd Hamid , "Water Level Prediction Using
Different Numbers of Time Series Data Based on Chaos Approach," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp.
493-499, 2021. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2021.090221.
(b): Adib Mashuri, Nur Hamiza Adenan, Nor Suriya Abd Karim, Nor Zila Abd Hamid (2021). Water Level Prediction
Using Different Numbers of Time Series Data Based on Chaos Approach. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 9(2),
493-499. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2021.090221.
Copyright©2021 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract The prediction of water level in floodplain
area is important for early signals and flood control. A total
of 6350 hourly water level time series data located at
Sungai Dungun were used in this study. The data were
divided into training set and testing set. The training set
consisted of the first 6000 data which were used to predict
the last 350 data. A total of six set data consisting of
different amount of training set of data were involved in
this study. Consequently, it was used to determine the
influence of different amount of data on predicting
accuracy by using chaos approach. Those sets of data
required a combination of parameters for prediction. In this
study, the different amount of data had impacts on the
combination of parameter for prediction. In addition, the
correlation coefficient showed different values for all sets
of data and excellent prediction when they were all used in
testing the data. Hence, the different total amount of data
will give impact on different combination of parameters
and prediction accuracy for water level prediction based on
chaos approach in floodplain area.
Keywords Amount of Data, Prediction, Chaos
Approach, Water Level
1. Introduction
Cao, Tao, Dong and Li [5] asserted that floods occur
when excessive water level rises in river areas, whether in
natural or man-made conditions. From a scientific
vocabulary point of view, floods are caused by the
existence of excessive heavy rain that cannot be supported
by the river basin and thus the water overflows to the
riverbanks or floodplains [18]. Flood disaster can cause
damage to people and nature where it can affect the land
structure, agriculture, livestock as well as residential areas
[7]. Therefore, prediction of water level in floodplain area
is important for early signals and flood control.
The dynamics of a time series data can be divided into
two parts; deterministic and random. In 1963, Lorenz [15]
discovered the dynamic chaotic where the knowledge was
used for research in the field of science and engineering in
a thorough matter while the term chaos was first
introduced by Li and Yorke [14]. According to Abarbanel
[1], chaotic dynamic is between the deterministic and
random dynamic. Chaotic time series can be used in
prediction only in a short term due to the sensitive
dependence on initial conditions [19].
This chaos approach is an important discovery for
predicting phenomena in scientific research. The
application of chaos approach is widely used in many
types of time series data such as river flow [3], ozone [9]
and sea level [4]. Nowadays, the research in the
application of this method on water level time series data
is growing and being conducted in several countries such
as in China [10], Iran [21] and Malaysia [16]. In addition,
a lot of research also emphasised on time scale of water
level data such as hourly scale [13], daily [12] and weekly