(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 12, No. 5, 2021 378 | Page www.ijacsa.thesai.org A Secure Communication Process of Wireless Sensor Network Architecture for Smart Urban Environment Monitoring Applications Rashmi S Bhaskar 1 Research Scholar, Visvesvaraya Technological University Karnataka, India Dr. Veena S Chakravarthi 2 Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BNMIT, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Abstract—Wireless Sensor Network has been increasingly used for remote monitoring system and its adoption in increasing exponentially for larger application too. However, there are various challenges associated with both resource management and security that roots up when the deployment scale goes massive and distributed in order. The proposed system considers a case study of smart city management where the problems associated with data transmission and security has been addressed. This is carried out using the provisioning of urban environment monitoring system that is an essential system for smart city projects to assure the citizens' better-quality well- being. The scalable and effective urban environment monitoring system requires a seamless transmission of the data from the sensor nodes to the analytics engine. The existing architectures are more designed to suit very specifically the use-cases. As a contribution, the proposed system introduces a cost-effective architecture for environmental monitoring in urban zones of smart city named as a Smart Sensor Surveillance System (4S- UEM). The core idea of the proposed system is to offer a balance between resource efficiency and resilience secure communication in large scale deployment of WSN considering smart city as deployment and assessment area. The proposed system makes use of urban geographical clustering process in order to develop an organized structure of sensor nodes. Different from any existing studies, the proposed system introduces data analytical engine followed by secure routing using gateway. The design of the proposed system is carried out using layered architecture of the communication model targeting towards a cost-effective, energy optimal, and secure data transmission to the analytics engine. Keywords—Wireless sensor network (WSN); sensors; smart city security; secure communication process I. INTRODUCTION Urban environment monitoring (UEM) is an essential requirement for smart city projects [1] [2] [3] for various control mechanism applications. All these applications require a Smart Sensor Surveillance System abbreviated as '4S'. There exist multiple technologies for setting up surveillance systems for acquiring the data of importance. The analytics of these data correlates with the environmental changes [4]. Such technologies include surveillance camera systems and ambient- based monitoring technologies that suffer scalability, reliability, and the efficient correlation among spatial-temporal information [5]. The use of wireless sensor networks (WSN) as: "4S for UEM," i e., "Smart Sensor Surveillance System for Urban Environment Monitoring," aims to overcome these challenges and limitations. Therefore, this research study aims to design a standard architecture of WSN that provides a generalized architecture to comply with the "4S for UEM" requirements. The rationale behind arriving at a classic WSN for various 4S-UEM applications is overcoming the bottlenecks of the limitations of the suitability of one application-specific architecture to another. Typically, the data acquisition and analysis of many environmental parameters that include: temperature, humidity, traffic density on the road, vibration exerted on public infrastructure, pH-values in water, and many more parameters which leads to building smart control system for smart home, transportation, the safety of building & bridges, and water quality management, etc. as an actual application required for the smart city projects. Fig. 1 provides a snap-view of "4S-UEM" based applications and the intrinsic requirement. As seen in Fig. 1, the intelligent system based on the architecture of the 4S-UEM requires four essential characteristics to be met by the suitable design of the 4S-UEM, and those characteristics are: {Lifetime, Accuracy, Coverage, Reliability}. Another additional requirement apart from these four is secure communication so that the realization of the 4S- UEM applications becomes possible in a real-time context. This paper proposes analytical modeling of the design of secure transmission through 4S-UEM to ensure accurate, reliable, and secure communication with optimal coverage. Intelligent System Pollution Control Disaster Management Public Safety Electricity Grid Infrastructure Health Water-Supply & Waste Water Transportation Performance Metric Reliability Coverage Accuracy Lifetime Smart Sensor Surveillance System for Urban Environment Monitoring (4S-UEM) Fig. 1. 4S-UEM based Applications.