BREAST
Mastectomy Scars following Breast
Reconstruction: Should Routine Histologic
Analysis Be Performed?
Robert M. Warner, M.R.C.S.
David L. Wallace, M.R.C.S.
Nicholas A. Ferran, M.R.C.S.
Ertan Erel, F.R.C.S.
Alan J. Park, F.R.C.S.(Plast.)
Daniel J. Prinsloo,
F.C.S.Plast.(S.A.)
Ruth Waters, F.R.C.S.(Plast.)
Stoke-on-Trent, Nuneaton, and
Birmingham, United Kingdom
Background: There is some debate in the recent literature regarding the rou-
tine submission of mastectomy scars for histologic analysis when performing
delayed breast reconstructions. The aim of this study was to review the relevant
publications and evaluate the practice of routine histologic examination of
mastectomy scars.
Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective review, across three regional
plastic and reconstructive surgery units, of 433 patients who had 455 scars
routinely sent for histologic examination following delayed breast reconstruc-
tion between January of 2000 and December of 2006. Patients with clinical
evidence of recurrent carcinoma were excluded.
Results: Data from 433 patients revealed an average age at reconstruction of
49.9 years (range, 25 to 77 years). The mean interval from primary breast surgery
to reconstruction was 3.9 years (range, 2 months to 32 years), and the average
length of patient follow-up, from primary surgery, was 6.4 years (range, 1 to 40
years). The majority of the initial operations were carried out for invasive
carcinoma (89 percent). Four mastectomy scars in three patients were positive
for carcinoma recurrence.
Conclusions: The publications related to the practice of routine histologic
analysis of mastectomy scars provide conflicting conclusions. As a proportion of
patients may benefit from the early detection and treatment of locoregional
recurrence, the authors suggest that the routine submission of mastectomy scars
will allow for the earlier detection of soft-tissue recurrences that may affect
long-term outcome. In keeping with cancer surgery principles, the authors
recommend routine histologic examination of mastectomy scars following de-
layed breast reconstruction. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 123: 1141, 2009.)
S
urgeons are commonly faced with the ques-
tion of whether or not a surgical specimen
should be submitted for histologic analysis.
This decision is often simple when a diagnosis is
unknown or malignancy is suspected. When le-
sions are clinically benign, the decision to send
specimens for histologic analysis is unclear, and in
this regard, the Royal College of Pathologists
(United Kingdom) has published guidance: “His-
topathology and Cytopathology of Limited or No
Clinical Value.”
1
With reference to breast reduction specimens,
the document questions the value of random his-
tologic sections and the number of blocks that
should be taken from the processed breast tissue.
Mastectomy scars are not discussed in this guid-
ance document. The practice of routine histologic
examination of mastectomy scars at the time of
delayed breast reconstruction has been ques-
tioned by Soldin et al.,
2
and several subsequent
From City General Hospital, George Eliot Hospital, and Selly
Oak Hospital.
Received for publication June 19, 2008; accepted November
3, 2008.
Presented at Birmingham’s National Plastic and Burns Sur-
gery Scientific Meeting, in Birmingham, United Kingdom,
October of 2007; the 14th International Congress of the
International Confederation for Plastic, Reconstructive, and
Aesthetic Surgery, in Berlin, Germany, June 26 through 30,
2007; and the 18th Annual Meeting of the European As-
sociation of Plastic Surgeons, in Ghent, Belgium, May 24
through 26, 2007.
Copyright ©2009 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31819f25d5
Disclosure: The authors have no financial inter-
ests to disclose.
www.PRSJournal.com 1141