YIJOM-3760; No of Pages 3 Please cite this article in press as: Dantas JFC, et al. Temporomandibular joint reconstruction after condylar fracture complication related to osteosynthesis material, Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2017.07.015 Case Report Trauma Temporomandibular joint reconstruction after condylar fracture complication related to osteosynthesis material J. F. C. Dantas, J. N. Nogueira Neto, V. A. Sarmento, P. S. F. Campos: Temporomandibular joint reconstruction after condylar fracture complication related to osteosynthesis material. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2017; xxx: xxx–xxx. ã 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. J. F. C. Dantas 1 , J. N. Nogueira Neto 2 , V. A. Sarmento 1 , P. S. F. Campos 3 1 Department of Propaedeutics and Integrated Clinic at the Dental School of the Federal University of Bahia – FOUFBA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Portuguese Hospital – HP, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; 3 Department of Radiology at the Dental School of the Federal University of Bahia – FOUFBA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Abstract. Total condylar resorption and the failure of bone synthesis material as postoperative complications of condyle fracture are seldom reported in the literature. When these occur, they may severely limit temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function. In such cases, a reconstruction of the joint is indicated, which can be achieved by means of an alloplastic prosthesis. This article reports a rare case of impaction of osteosynthesis material in the region of the base of the skull associated with a mandibular condyle fracture treated with rigid internal fixation, which resulted in complications. There was progression to condylar resorption, requiring an alloplastic TMJ reconstruction, which was performed in a single surgical session. Key words: jaw fractures; temporomandibular joint; mandibular prosthesis. Accepted for publication 20 July 2017 The complications associated with conservative and surgical treatments for condyle fractures are well documen- ted in the literature. The main complications associated with surgical treatment are infections, poor bone positioning, malunion or non-union of bone, occlusal changes, and temporo- mandibular dysfunction 1 . Complications such as condylar resorption and those associated with fixation materials occur less frequently 2 . This article reports a rare case of impaction of osteosynthesis material at the base of the skull associated with a mandibular condyle fracture treated with rigid internal fixation (RIF), which resulted in complications. There was pro- gression to condylar resorption, requiring an alloplastic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction, which was per- formed in a single surgical session. Case report A 24-year-old woman presented with complaints of chin deviation to the left side during mouth opening movement. The patient’s history was significant for a mandibular condyle fracture, treated surgically approximately 4 years ago, without postoperative follow-up. The patient had a class II facial profile, asym- metry in the chin area with deviation to the left side, mouth opening of 45 mm, and moderate laterognathism to the left side. Panoramic radiography examination revealed left mandibular condyle resorp- tion, and there was a fractured four-hole fixation plate, with one fragment contain- ing two screws located in the mandibular ramus and another fragment with two screws located in the articular region at the base of the skull. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2017; xxx: xxx–xxx http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2017.07.015, available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com 0901-5027/000001+03 ã 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.