Research Article
Evaluation of Mechanical and Durability Properties of
Eco-Friendly Concrete Containing Silica Fume, Waste Glass
Powder, and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
Mahdi Bameri ,
1
Soroush Rashidi ,
2
Mohammad Mohammadhasani ,
3
Mohammad Maghsoudi ,
4
Hesam Madani ,
5
and Fereydoun Rahmani
6
1
Civil ngineering, Tehran, Iran
2
Civil ngineering Structural ngineering, Islamic Azad University Branch of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
3
Seismology ngineering & Risk Department, Building, Housing & Urban Development Research Center (BHRC), Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Civil ngineering, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
5
Faculty of Civil and Surveying ngineering, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
6
Kerman Cement Industry Group (KCIG), Kerman, Iran
Correspondence should e addressed to Mahdi Bameri; mahdi.ameri1990@gmail.com
Received 22 April 2022; Revised 21 October 2022; Accepted 26 November 2022; Published 6 December 2022
Academic Editor: Roert
ˇ
Cern´ y
Copyright©2022MahdiBamerietal.TisisanopenaccessarticledistriutedundertheCreativeCommonsAttriutionLicense,
which permits unrestricted use, distriution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
By considering the adverse environmental impacts of the cement manufacturing process, there have een many eforts for cement
replacement y supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), which can enhance the produced concrete performance while
reducing cement consumption. Tis study evaluated the efects of various proportions of silica fume (SF), waste glass powder
(WGP), and ground granulated last furnace slag (GGBFS) on the mechanical and duraility properties of concrete. Te
properties evaluated in this study include compressive, tensile, and fexural strength, magnesium sulfate and sulfuric acid attack,
surface resistivity, rapid chloride penetraility test (RCPT), water asorption, depth of penetration of water, and microstructure
analysis y scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Te results of compressive, tensile, and fexural strength, chloride ion pen•
etraility, and water asorption tests showed that adding 5% of SF to mixtures containing 10% WGP or 10% GGBFS improved
concrete performance signifcantly due to packing density and synergistic efect; however, adding 5% of SF to concrete mixtures
decreased the resistance against the magnesium sulfate and sulfuric acid attack. Te inary mixture of 15% of WGP showed
appropriate performance against the magnesium sulfate and sulfuric acid attack, which may e due to the sacrifcial nature of
WGP. In addition, the inary mixtures of 15% of WGP and 15% of GGBFS reduced the depth of penetration of water y 45%.
Microstructure analysis y SEM showed that the presence of SF, along with WGP and GGBFS, improves the packing density.
Finally, adding 5% of SF is suggested to improve the properties of concrete mixtures containing WGP and GGBFS.
1.Introduction
Cement is ecoming one of the most widely used worldwide
structural materials ecause of the development of the
construction industry. Te annual cement production
worldwide is reached more than 4.2 illion tonnes and is
anticipated to grow continuously [1]. Te cement production
processes use a large volume of raw materials and energy, and
a signifcant amount of caron dioxide is released into the
atmosphere. According to the type of fuel used, aout 0.9–1.0
metric tonnes of CO
2
are released into the atmosphere for
every tonne of clinker; if the amount of cement used is re•
duced, CO
2
emissions will also e reduced [2].
Concrete is the most common construction material in
the world, and it is the second most consumed product on
the planet after water [3]. Although the concrete industry
has destructive efects on the environment and sustain•
aility, it is one of the asic materials for developing the
industry, infrastructure, and housing. Portland cement is
one of the main components of concrete that reacts with
Hindawi
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Volume 2022, Article ID 2730391, 22 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2730391