ORIGINAL ARTICLE Comparison of impulsivity, aggression and suicidality between prisoners in Nigeria who have committed homicide and those who have not Aishatu Yusha'u Armiya'u 1 | Adegboyega Ogunwale 2 | Lubuola Issa Bamidele 1 | Oloche Adole 3 | Musa Usman Umar 4 1 Forensic Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria 2 Forensic Unit, Department of Clinical Services, Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Aro, Abeokuta, Nigeria 3 Behavioural Medicine Center, 44 Nigerian Army Reference Hospitals, Kaduna, Nigeria 4 Department of Psychiatry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria Correspondence Aishatu Yusha'u Armiya'u, Forensic Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Email: aarmiyau@gmail.com Abstract Most studies of prisoners, the nature of their offending and any related characteristics have been conducted in rich Western countries. In Nigeria, prison conditions differ in many important respects, key among them that prisoners share large communal spaces much of the time—up to 50 men sleeping in the same space as well as spending the day together. Our aim was to compare levels of impulsivity, aggression and suicide-related behaviours between pris- oners in one prison in Nigeria who had committed a homicide and those who had not, allowing for socio-demo- graphic factors. A case–control study design was employed with 102 homicide and an equal number of non-homicide offenders. Each participant was interviewed using the Abbreviated Barratt Impulsiveness Scale for impulsivity, the Modified Overt Aggression Scale for aggression, the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Module C) for suicide-related behaviours, and a questionnaire for ascertaining socio-demographic characteristics. On bivariate analysis, motor impulsivity was higher among homicide offenders (p = .014) while non-planning was higher among non-homicide offenders (p = .006), but this relationship was affected by demographic variables. Physical aggression levels did not distinguish the two groups, but homicide offenders were less likely to record property-directed and Received: 27 January 2019 Revised: 29 April 2019 Accepted: 5 June 2020 DOI: 10.1002/cbm.2161 Crim Behav Ment Health. 2020;1–16. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cbm © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 1