International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-9 Issue-2, December, 2019 5549 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: B5159129219/2019©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B5159.129219 ABSTRACT---The demand for renewable vitality based power production has been increased because of many reasons such as to reduce the level of carbon emission, to minimize the consumption of non-renewable energy source and to maintain the environment pollution free. Among the available renewable resources such as hydroelectric, wind, solar, biomass and ocean, solar energy has gained much attention by researchers in the recent decades all over the world. The abundant availability and increasing global warming threat urge the researchers to develop an efficient solar energy conversion system. This survey purposefully intended to elaborate the significance of solar power system. This system consists of set of a PV array to transform sunlight into electrical power (dc). Then the converter and inverter circuits are utilized to produce stable ac power. To overcome the challenges like non-uniform insolation, temperature and partial shading effects, various artificial intelligence and optimization techniques have evolved to maximize the power output from the panel. Even with recent technological breakthrough the efficiency is still less than 20%. This survey presents the several existing solar energy conversion systems with its challenges and mitigation methods under different environmental conditions for improving the power output. I. INTRODUCTION The exploitation of conventional energy sources coupled with alarming depletion rate of pollution and global warming urges the necessity to look into renewable sources for future power generation without harnessing the environment. The Sun is the only renewable and immense everlasting and ecofriendly energy resource. The light energy from the sun is directly converted into electrical energy using photovoltaic (PV) devices. Solar cell is the basic component of PV module. The modules are cross coupled (series and parallel) depending on the power output needed. The efficiency is determined from the tangibility and techniques used to from modules and it is about 12-29% based on semiconductor material used. As the panels are placed in open air, their performance is also limited. The insolation is same at all time and it varies with partial shading effect in real time. The optimum power point has to be tracked to derive highest power from the panel. To accomplish this, MPPT (maximum power point tracking) is necessary to maintain the maximum power (maximum voltage and current) from the module. Based on operational requirement solar power is classified as grid tied and stand alone. The power output (AC/DC) from the PV systems can also be interconnected with energy storage system. The grid connected PV system is generally associated in parallel with the grid through Revised Manuscript Received on December, 30 2019. SrikanthSattenapalli, Research Scholar, Department of EEE, KoneruLakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, A. P, India.(E- mail:srikanthjhn@gmail.com) V. Joshi Manohar, Associate Professor, Department of EEE, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. inverter. The inverter converts the DC output power from PV into AC with required power quality (IEEE 1547 standard) and fed to the grid. The basic requirement of inverter is that it must stop functioning if the grid is fault or under service. For this purpose, a bi-directional switch or contactor is utilized as interface between PV system and grid. Apart from power inversion, there are some essential functions such as optimum power point tracing, grid integration and isolation, and online monitoring to provide overall enhancement of solar power system for efficient power transfer. II. PREVIOUS WORKS 1. Tyler J. Formica et al [2017] discussed the difficulties in present PV frameworks with an attention on the ROI as the key unwavering bottlenecks quality. In this paper, the different warranty structures provided by firms, the challenges in ROI, viability, and candidate claims to solve these concerning PV system. Yet, the problems on hardware components are not able to clarify as it not able to investigate before assembling the setup. The hardware failures may also induce shutdown of programming side. 2. Sandeep Anandet al [2014] proposed transformerless current backup inverters for PV systems. An inversion system to suppress the ground leakage currents without isolation transformer and boosting the efficiency at minimum cost compared to conventional system is proposed. The significant unbalances in the capacitor voltage are minimized using a null sequence dependent controller. 3. Albert Alexander Stonier et al [2018] proposed a smart issue tolerance structure for PV encouraged fell staggered inverter. This examination proposed a proficient power electronics interface whose exchanging activity is invigorated by the savvy controller. This deficiency discovery requires checking gadgets for the individual arrays, which makes the framework progressively unpredictable and costly 4. Andreas Spring et al [2016] proposed a work that concentrates on grid influenced by responsive intensity of PV inverter with unity power factor. In this paper, the impact of sustainable power source frameworks on the dispersed network and the new situations that emerge because of the more PV frameworks are examined. The usage pace of the links and transformers are expanded. This implies the genuine use rates are higher than the reproduced ones 5. M. Nawaz et al [2017] developed a prototype model Research on Single-Phase Grid Connected PV Systems Srikanth Sattenapalli, V. Joshi Manohar