Open Access Research Article
Journal of Petroleum &
Environmental Biotechnology
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ISSN: 2157-7463
Kabir et al., J Pet Environ Biotechnol 2016, 7:6
D0I: 10.4172/2157-7463.1000306
Volume 7 • Issue 6 • 1000306
J Pet Environ Biotechnol, an open access journal
ISSN: 2157-7463
Abstract
The paper contains the analyses of the impacts of climate change on food security and adaptation of new
strategies to fght against the different causes of climate changes in the Kalapara Upazila of Patuakhali District in
Bangladesh. The paper shows current climate change scenarios for Kalapara, analyses the relationship between
climate change scenarios and adaptation of relevant measures and strategies by the cultivators which adequately
helps in reducing the risks of climate change and improves livelihoods. It also described the adaption strategies
to climate change and their application for food security. Historical changes in the weather pattern by different
natural disasters like food, storm surge, drought etc. have any impact on the agricultural practices of that District
and how the adaptation option are rightly utilized that has been analyzed in this paper. To support the analysis a
questionnaire survey was conducted to gather farmer perceptions of what different strategies should take to fght
against the climate changes with some demographic conditions of the farmers’ families. The paper presented that
the education level of the present generation of farmers is gradually increasing and they have perceptions that show
the temperature is rising, timely rainfall is not available and crop production seasons are shifting. The adaptation
measures followed by the local people are increasing their capability to fght with climate change problems and with
the course of time the food security of the area is enriched.
Impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Bangladesh
Md. Humayun Kabir
1
, Zobaer Ahmed
1
and Rabia Khan
2
*
1
University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
2
Kohat University of Science and Technology, Pakistan
Keywords: Food security; Climate change; Fossil fuels; Ecosystems;
Agriculture; Green-house
Introduction
Across 250 years, deforestation, combustion of fossil fuels, and
production of agricultural yield atmospherically; the concentration
of carbon dioxide (CO
2
) and diferent greenhouse gases to rise
considerably. Climate change has gain world attention because it
evolves as the most important challenge of the century. Climate
change defnition is inevitable in the foregoing; it means all changes
within the climate as a result of human activities or natural variations
[1]. Te planet is encircled by layer of gases that act just like the glass
wall (earth blanket) and ceiling of green-house. Tese questionable
greenhouse gases are important to sustain life on earth. Tey let the sun
ray penetrate however, stop abundant of the warmth from escaping,
keeping the earth heat enough to permit life. However, drawback
that we tend to face these days is that the blanket of the green-house
gases that happens naturally within the layer is apace obtaining thicker
resulting from increased emissions of greenhouse gases and this lead to
the speedy warming of the world’s climate.
Climate change, apparently is change within the mean values of
climate measure by component such as; rain, temperature, over long
amount of your time typically ffy years, (climate change/global climate
change/temperature change) is that the important change within the
state of the climate of an area that may be known by change within the
mean associated or within the variability of its properties that persist
for an extended amount inefably decades or longer IPCC (2011).
Temperature change may be a phenomenon that has been accepted
globally as a truth of life. Tis implies that it is a matter of indisputable
fact that can continuously be subjected to natural dynamism or changes.
Tere are many assumptions and have been made from a wide range
of climate model simulations for example, the scenario assumes that
humans worldwide are likely to make more sustainable development
choices if wider range of technologies for producing energy with greater
efciency will be used in the future. Carbon emissions are forecasted to
be increased from current rate of around 9 billion metric tons each
year to around 12 billion tons each year until 2040, and afer that it will
again gradually decline to 5 billion tons each year by the year 2100 [2].
Te main reason for this temperature increase is carbon dioxide and
other heat-trapping “greenhouse” gases that human activities produce.
Te biggest source of added carbon dioxide is from people burning coal
and other fossil fuels. Climatic changes are putting very negative efect
on many things such as herbs like Satu, silajit, Bhase, timur, amala,
panch aule, ritha, bel are deteriorating and transferring to higher
altitude ranges whereas green grass has also deteriorated severely in the
Himalayan region of Mustang [3].
On the other hand, fast increase in greenhouses has both positive
and negative efects on people, society, and the environment-including
plants and animals because many of the major greenhouse gases stay in
the atmosphere for tens to hundreds of years afer being released, their
warming efects on the climate persist over a long time and can therefore
afect both present and future generations [4]. Consequently, the rate
of change today is unprecedented in human history. 21
st
Century
ecosystems and their component species are faced simultaneously with
fragmented landscapes and climate change, not allowing species to
adapt to new conditions [5]. Tracing this back into antiquity; Asian
nation may be a playground country of ofentimes stirring natural
disasters and these natural disasters became moniker to Asian nation,
disasters like droughts, coastal erosions, fooding, tropical cyclone and
storm surges [6]. Food security is the state achieved when food systems
operate such that “all people, at all times, have physical and economic
*
Corresponding author: Rabia Khan, Kohat University of Science and Technology,
Pakistan, Tel: 0922-52914674; E-mail: rabia.pk123@gmail.com
Received July 11, 2016; Accepted August 25, 2016; Published September 03,
2016
Citation: Kabir MH, Ahmed Z, Khan R (2016) Impact of Climate Change on Food
Security in Bangladesh. J Pet Environ Biotechnol 7: 306. doi: 10.4172/2157-
7463.1000306
Copyright: © 2016 Kabir MH, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.