Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fsigss Genetic characterization of the Brazilian immigrant population in Lisboa with InDel genetic markers (P) Fátima Reis a,b , Cláudia Vieira da Silva b , António Amorim a,b,c, ⁎ , Vanessa Bogas b , Teresa Ribeiro b , Maria João Porto b , Heloísa Afonso Costa b,d a Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal b Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Portugal c Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz, Portugal d Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal ARTICLE INFO Keywords: InDel Autosomal markers Population genetics Brazilian immigrants ABSTRACT Migration is one of the main factors for genetic variability within populations. Currently, the Portuguese po- pulation, and particularly the population from Lisboa, welcomes a considerable number of immigrants. Brazilian immigrants are the main foreign community in Portugal, with about 80 000 individuals in 2015. Insertion/deletion polymorphisms – InDels – are characterized by the presence or absence of small DNA sequences. These variations constitute a group of genetic markers with advantages for forensic identification, especially in highly degraded biological samples, due to the small size of the amplification fragments. Furthermore, InDels not only are useful to solve complex cases of biological kinship, but they also have lower mutation rates. Presently, there is no available data for InDel markers of the Brazilian immigrant population living in Lisboa. Thus, our aim is to characterize this population by typing a group of individuals with a panel of 30 InDel and compare it with other main immigrant populations living in Lisboa (Angola, Cabo Verde, Moçambique, Guiné- Bissau and São Tomé e Príncipe). Therefore, we studied 207 Brazilian immigrants, typing samples with Investigator DIPplex ® Kit. Fragments were detected by capillary electrophoresis using the ABI PRISM ® 3130xl automated sequencer and results analyzed with GeneMapper v1.4 software. Statistical inference of the genetic data was carried out with Arlequin v3.5 software. The achieved genetic data allowed us to evaluate genetic distances between Portuguese population and immigrant populations. Our results confirm genetic differences between Portuguese population and Brazilian and PALOP's immigrant populations. 1. Introduction Over the last four decades, Portugal experienced two main flows of Brazilian immigration. The first in 1980 – Portugal had just been de- mocratized and looking to hire high skilled works – and the second, in 1986, after joining the EEC – European Economic Community [1,2]. It is well known that these migratory events are responsible for genetic variability within populations [3]. Presently, the generalized method for DNA analysis in forensic context uses STRs – Short Tandem Repeats. Nonetheless, SNPs – Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms – and InDels, have been presented as al- ternative molecular markers for forensic application. InDels combine desirable characteristics of STRs and SNPs – whose genotyping requires complex and expensive technologies. However, InDels are spread throughout the human genome thus, are more easily genotyped. Additionally, studies have revealed their applicability as AIMs – Ancestral Informative Markers [4,5]. Currently, there is no available data for InDel markers of the Brazilian immigrant population living in Lisboa. Therefore, our aim is to characterize this population by typing a group of 207 individuals with a panel of 30 InDel markers in a multiplex PCR assay. 2. Material and methods For this study, samples of 207 individuals from both genders, not related to each other and with ancestry and naturalness in Brasil, were http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigss.2017.09.123 Received 4 September 2017; Accepted 19 September 2017 ⁎ Corresponding author at: Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses, Portugal. E-mail address: antonio.j.amorim@inmlcf.mj.pt (A. Amorim). Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 6 (2017) e327–e328 Available online 20 September 2017 1875-1768/ © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. T