Molecular Microbiology Research 2018, Vol.8, No.1, 1-22 http://mmr.biopublisher.ca 1 Research Article Open Access Physiochemical Properties of Protic Ionic Liquids Mixed with Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)/Water Mixture Ijlal Idrees 1 , Javeed Ashraf Awan 1 , Naushad Muhammad 2 1 Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan 2 Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Corresponding author email: ijlalidrees2@gmail.com Molecular Microbiology Research, 2018, Vol.8, No.1 doi: 10.5376/mmr.2018.08.0001 Received: 08 Nov., 2017 Accepted: 05 Jan., 2018 Published: 12 Jan., 2018 Copyright © 2018 Idrees et al., This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Idrees I., Awan J.A., and Muhammad N., 2018, Physiochemical properties of protic ionic piquids mixed with adenosine triphosphate (ATP)/water mixture, 8(1): 1-22 (doi: 10.5376/mmr.2018.08.0001) Abstract The densities of adenosine triphosphate/water/1-H-3-methyl imidazolium acetate mixture and adenosine triphosphate/water/1-H-3-methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulphate mixture at five different concentrations of adenosine triphosphate as 25 mg/ml to 45 mg/ml were estimated respectively. Ionic liquids used were 1-H-3-methyl imidazolium acetate and 1-H-3-methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulphate. The density of ionic liquids was measured from 298.15 K and 348.15 K respectively, using Rudolph Research Analytical Density Meter. The density for adenosine triphosphate and water was measured from 298.15 K and 343.15 K for 45 mg/ml concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) respectively. The main objective was to access the suitable method for CO 2 capturing in order to reduce the CO 2 emission level up to 90% that may be helpful for reducing global warming. Our study of physiochemical properties of mixture of protic ionic liquids along with ATP was a novel work involving CO 2 capturing as a primary goal. Our study is a door step to help the worldwide researchers in understanding the basic properties of our used mixture however, its effects on CO 2 capturing and other purposes yet unknown. Adenosine triphosphate transports chemical energy within the cells for metabolism and is found to absorb carbon dioxide when used in dissolved form in water and is very effective when used with ionic liquids for CO 2 capturing. Therefore, the purpose of our study was CO 2 capturing and the best possible chemical for this propose. It was found that the calculated excess molar volumes were positive for a given composition range of ATP. The properties of thermal expansion coefficients, molar volumes, molecular volumes and standard entropy showed an increasing trend with increase in temperature. On the other hand, lattice potential energy showed a decrease in the graphical trend with the increasing temperature while the densities were found decreasing linearly with increase in temperature. Keywords Adenosine triphosphate; CO 2 capturing; Ionic liquids; Protic ionic liquids; Entropy Background Ionic liquids An ionic liquid is a liquid salt which is reported to be in a liquid form at temperatures below 100°C or at room temperature due to poor alignment of ions. The crystal lattice of ionic liquid is not stable due to the presence of one delocalized charge on one ion and one organic component. The formation of ionic liquid is studied in detail but it is found that pyridinium and methylimidazolium ionic liquids are the most stable ones (Wasserscheid and Welton, 2008). With the help of ion and organic component attached with that ion, properties of viscosity, melting point and solubility of solvent are measured. For the purpose of specific synthesis in industries and laboratory level, many ionic liquids are developed in that perspective. These types of ionic liquids due to their unique properties are called “designer solvents” (Berthod et al., 2008). The mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ({emim} Cl) with AlCl 3 is the first ever reported room temperature ionic liquids. They are known as the ionic liquids to form equilibrium among (emim) (Al 2 Cl 7 ), (emim) (AlCl 4 ) and (emim) (Al 3 Cl 10 ). These transition metal catalysts with the ionic liquids are recycled by separation method with the help of extraction with water and non-polar organic solvents. In some cases these transition metal catalyst along with ionic liquids are recycled many times (Kim et al., 2001; Mathews et al., 2001; Fernandez et al., 2007). Protic ionic liquids It has been found many years ago that to remove dangerous gases from a stream it is necessary to absorb the gas in a liquid or solvent. The focus of the present study was to capture CO 2, for this purpose various techniques are