CHAPTER 12 The regulatory circuit of iron homeostasis in rice: a tale of transcription factors Pooja Kanwar Shekhawat 1 , Hasthi Ram 2 and Praveen Soni 1 1 Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India 2 National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, Delhi, India Highlights 1. Transcription factors belonging to NAC, bHLH, and WRKY families play a crucial role in the regulation of responses to deficiency and toxicity of iron (Fe) in rice. 2. OsIRO2 acts as a prime regulator of Fe deficiency and controls the expression of strategy II-related genes of Fe uptake, transport, and storage. 3. Iron homeostasis-related transcription factors are themselves regulated at epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels involving interconnected loops. Abbreviations APT Adenosine phosphoribosyl transferase ARF Auxin response factor bHLH Basic helix-loop-helix protein CRE Cis-regulatory element DMAS Deoxymugineic acid synthase Fe Iron FD Fe deficiency FDH Formate dehydrogenase FEP Fe uptake inducing peptide FIT Fe deficiency-induced transcription factor FRO Ferric reductase oxidase FT Fe toxicity IDEF Fe deficiency-responsive cis-acting element-binding factor IDS Iron deficiency-specific clone IBP Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor IMA Iron MAN IRO Iron-related transcription factor IRT Iron-regulated transporter LEA Late embryogenesis abundant 251 Plant Transcription Factors. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90613-5.00015-7 © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.