JAREE-Journal on Advanced Research in Electrical Engineering Volume 2, Number 2, October 2018 31 170kW Solar Power Plant Microgrid in the Remote Island Indonesia: An overview Andrianshah Priyadi 1 *, Toha Zaki 1 , Riza 1 1 National Laboratory for Energy Conversion Technology 1 Agency for the assessment and application of technology Jakarta, Indonesia *Andrianshah.priyadi@bppt.go.id Abstract— Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world consisting of 17,508 islands including 9,638 unnamed islands and 6,000 uninhabited islands. The population which increases every year showing the results that there is the migration of people from the large islands to the remote islands and one of the problems of this condition is the optimal electricity supply. Electricity on the island is commonly carried out by diesel engines, so it needed combining the power plant system that reduced the working- load of diesel engines. One of the power plants is a solar power plant which needed to support the government's National Energy Policy (NEP) program in renewable energy. The paper has done by assessing one of the remote islands in Indonesia by identifying the whole power plant system design. The total number of solar power plant capacity installed is 170 kWp and 3 x 240 kW diesel engine. In the Future plan, the project will be made of a Solar Power Plant system that is reliable as a smart grid system and also there is optimizing in the load design. The paper will also identify all possibilities technical aspect that could improve the system becomes a smart grid system in the future. Keywords—Microgrid, Smartgrid, Solar Power Plant, Renewable Energy I. INTRODUCTION A. Geographical Condition Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world with a coastline of more than 81,000 km and a sea area of around 3.1 million km 2 as far as Indonesia's coastal and marine areas are known as the country with the most significant marine wealth and biodiversity in the world by having coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, coral reefs, and seagrass beds. The territory of Indonesia which stretches from 6° 08′ north to 11° 15′ South, and from 94° 45′ East to 141° 05′ East where is located in a very strategic geographical position, because it connects two oceans and two continents, the Indian Ocean with the Ocean Pacific, and the Continent of Asia with the Continent of Australia. The total area of Indonesia is 7.9 million km 2 consisting of 1.8 million km 2 of land, 3.2 million km 2 of the territorial sea and 2.9 million km 2 of EEZ territory. The territorial waters of 6.1 million km 2 are 77% of the total area of Indonesia, in other words, the area of Indonesian sea is three times the land area [1] . The project has been choosen one of the remote islands in Indonesia. The location can be accessed by sea transportation, and In addition to the cost of expensive boat operations, natural factors also become obstacles to mobility [2] . The road conditions in the rough area are in the form of white gravel sand and paving stone. The communication signal on this remote Island is quite reliable with 4G signal where there is the availability of Telkom Indonesia communication tower. B. Summary of Solar Power Plant The solar power plant in this this remote island was built in 2011 with the total capacity of 170 kWp, and it operated normally until 2013. Both of Solar Power Plant and diesel engine supply the energy to the 275 households and 12 public facilities whereas the solar power plant operated only 6 hours at midnight time. The solar power plant components which are installed in this remote island, consist of:  The photovoltaic modules use the EverExceed brand where the total number of photovoltaic is 1,728 units. The capacity of each photovoltaic is 100 Wp and using the monocrystalline type.  The inverter uses the SMA brand with the Sunny Island SI 5048 type. The capacity of the inverter is 90 kW which divided into 18 x 5 kW, and the operating voltage is 48 VDC.  There is a multicluster box which using SMA brand for synchronous inverters, and the multicluster box has a capacity of 300 kW.  Batteries use the EverExceed brand which using oPzS type. The total number of batteries is 144 units, and each battery has a capacity of 2v 1500 AH  Photovoltaic array support is made of Galvanized Iron.  Protection system using surge protection, grounding, and breaker.  The diameter cables used are four mm2 for connections between PV and PV, four mm2 for