Research Article
Comparative Study on the Field- and Lab-Based Soil-Water
Characteristic Curves for Expansive Soils
Bakht Zamin ,
1
Hassan Nasir,
2
Muhammad Ali Sikandar,
1
Waqas Ahmad,
3
Beenish Jehan Khan ,
1
Mahmood Ahmad ,
4
and Muhammad Tariq Bashir
1
1
Civil Engineering Department, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar,
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25000, Pakistan
2
Water and Sanitation Services Peshawar, (WSSP), Peshawar, Pakistan
3
National Centre of Excellence in Geology (NCEG), Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25000, Pakistan
4
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar (Bannu Campus), Bannu 28100, Pakistan
Correspondence should be addressed to Bakht Zamin; bakhtzamin82@gmail.com
Received 28 March 2022; Revised 15 April 2022; Accepted 19 April 2022; Published 2 May 2022
Academic Editor: Jianping Sun
Copyright © 2022 Bakht Zamin et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Expansive soils are problematic and viewed as a potential hazard for buildings and structures due to swell and shrink phenomena.
e damaging effect of these soils is strongly correlated with the soil-water characteristics of expansive soils present in the shallow
depth. e seasonal wetting-drying cycle is vital in fluctuating moisture content in the surficial soils. As such, soils remain
unsaturated most of the time due to high absorption capacity. erefore, it is crucial to assess them as unsaturated soil, and the
soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is an essential tool for measuring unsaturated soils’ mechanical and hydraulic properties.
e main objective of this study was to establish both field- and lab-based SWCCs for the expansive soils and compare them for
determining the possible difference between them. For this purpose, eight sites of expansive soils were selected for sampling and in
situ testing. ese sites include three locations of Karak, three locations of Kohat, and two locations of D.I areas. Based on the
experimental results, Karak’s expansive soil indicated a high suction value of 705 kPa, while D. I Khan’s soil showed the least
suction equal to 595 kPa. e comparison of field and lab SWCCs for the potential sites presented a close agreement in the matric
suction values beyond the air entry values (AEVs), particularly in the residual suction zones. It was also concluded that for
expansive soils, the field- and lab-based SWCCs are comparable beyond the AEVs. e established curves can be successfully
utilized to assess local expansive soils in the framework of unsaturated soils.
1. Introduction
Expansive soils are typical soils, which swell and shrink more
than ordinary soils, due to which these soils are considered a
potential hazard for engineering buildings and structures
[1]. Expansive soils can cause severe damage and distortion if
not adequately treated [2]. Buildings and structures, which
are more susceptible to deformations, include single-story
buildings, pavements, canal linings, slab-on-grade members,
water channels, and underground pipelines [3]. us, nu-
merous techniques and materials have been introduced
recently for stabilizing problematic soils including the work
of [4, 5] to restore the buildings and stabilize the soil beneath
after being deformed due to various natural soil aspects
including the swelling-shrinkage behavior [6, 7].
e main cause of the undesirable behavior of expansive
soil is the current limited state of knowledge and practice, as
soil mineralogical changes and unsaturated parameters of
expansive soils are not frequently taken into consideration in
the analysis [8, 9]. As problematic soils are near the natural
surface level (NSL), the swell and shrink phenomena are
more critical in the surficial depth, approximately 3 meters.
e detrimental effect of expansive soils is closely related
to the soil-water characteristic of the surficial soil layer
exposed to the seasonal wetting-drying cycles. Furthermore,
the moisture content in the shallow depth is more critical
Hindawi
Advances in Civil Engineering
Volume 2022, Article ID 6390442, 9 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6390442