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Case and Review
Dermatology 2015;231:195–200
DOI: 10.1159/000381705
Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth: Report of
Six New Cases with Review of the Literature
Marco Di Mercurio
a
Paolo Gisondi
a
Chiara Colato
b
Donatella Schena
a
Giampiero Girolomoni
a
a
Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, and
b
Section of Pathology, Department of
Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Introduction
Annular lichenoid dermatitis of youth
(ALDY) was firstly described in 2003 in
young Mediterranean individuals present-
ing with sharply demarcated annular ery-
thematous macules and patches with cen-
tral hypopigmentation [1]. The lesions
typically occur on the groin, flanks and
sometimes the axillae. The clinical features
may suggest inflammatory morphea, my-
cosis fungoides, vitiligo or annular erythe-
ma, whereas histologically the main differ-
ential diagnosis includes other lichenoid
dermatoses and mycosis fungoides. The
histological hallmark of ALDY is an inter-
face dermatitis affecting specifically the
tips of the rete ridges, with massive apo-
ptosis of keratinocytes limited to this area
and thus configuring a squared base. Since
the initial description, other cases have
been reported. In this study we describe
the clinical and histological features of six
new patients with ALDY and review all
cases published after the initial description
[2–11].
Patients
The characteristics of the six patients
diagnosed at our institution from 2010 to
2014 are reported in table 1. They were all
Key Words
Annular lichenoid dermatitis of youth ·
Interface dermatitis · Lichenoid dermatitis ·
Mycosis fungoides
Abstract
Background: Annular lichenoid dermatitis
of youth (ALDY) is an uncommon disease
clinically reminiscent of morphea, annular
erythema or mycosis fungoides. Objective:
To describe the histological and clinical fea-
tures of a small series of patients with ALDY
and to review the literature. Patients: We de-
scribe the clinical and histological features
of six patients (age range 7–79 years) with
asymptomatic erythematous macules and
patches with a red-brownish border and cen-
tral hypopigmentation, mostly distributed
on the groin and flanks. Histologically, all
cases showed lichenoid dermatitis limited to
the tips of rete ridges, with many intraepider-
mal CD8+ and some CD4+ T cells. T cell re-
ceptor rearrangement was absent in all cas-
es. A total of 44 patients with a consistent
clinical and histological picture have been
described. The disease is sensitive to topi-
cal and/or systemic corticosteroids. Conclu-
sions: ALDY is a unique lichenoid dermatitis
for whose diagnosis a clinical-pathological
correlation is essential. The disease typically
affects young patients, more rarely adults
and elderly. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
Received: November 19, 2014
Accepted after revision: March 16, 2015
Published online: July 9, 2015
Dr. Paolo Gisondi
Section of Dermatology and Venereology
Department of Medicine, University of Verona
Piazzale A. Stefani 1, IT–37126 Verona (Italy)
E-Mail paolo.gisondi @ univr.it
© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
1018–8665/15/2313–0195$39.50/0
www.karger.com/drm
males, age ranging from 7 to 79 years. Le-
sions consisted of asymptomatic round-
ed, oval or annular red-brown macules or
patches, developed from initial erythema-
tous macules with peripheral spreading.
Most lesions showed the characteristic an-
nular or archway shape, with a raised ery-
thematous border and a hypopigmented
center. Two patients had five (case 1) and
four lesions (case 2), respectively, the oldest
patient (case 3) had three lesions, whereas
three patients had only one lesion (cases 4,
5 and 6). The lesions were located on the
side of the trunk, the groin and/or the axil-
lary regions (fig. 1). The duration of the le-
sions ranged between 2 and 48 months.
The main differential diagnosis included
eczema, erythema annulare centrifugum,
morphea and mycosis fungoides. The pa-
tients were otherwise healthy.
Methods
In all six cases, 5-mm punch biopsies
were taken from the periphery of the le-
sions and routinely processed and stained
with hematoxylin and eosin; periodic acid-
Schiff staining was also performed. Immu-
nohistochemical staining was performed
with the Leica Microsystems Bond-Max
poly HRP Autostainer System. The prima-
ry antibodies used were: CD1a (Dako 010