S25
© 2019 by the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation and the AGA Institute.
Crohn’s & Colitis Congress®
Background: Monitoring ustekinumab (UST) concentrations and antibodies-to
ustekinumab (ATU) during IBD treatment may allow more informed decisions in
assessing exposure/response and appropriate dosing. To aid in interpreting results
in the context of Janssen’s published UST results, the reliability of diferent assays
measuring UST and ATU were compared with those from Janssen. This abstract
reports the comparison of the UST and ATU assays from Laboratory Corporation of
America (LabCorp, Calabasas, CA, USA) and Janssen (JRD, Spring House, PA, USA).
Results from the other companies will be reported at a later time.
Methods: Blinded test samples, prepared by JRD, were sent to the LabCorp and
JRD labs for UST and ATU assessments. Results were reported to JRD for integrated
analyses.
All assays were tested for specificity, selectivity, accuracy and precision. ATU
assays were evaluated for sensitivity, drug interference, and potential interfer-
ence of IL-12.
UST and ATU were tested at LabCorp using Meso Scale Discovery (MSD®,
Rockville, MD, USA) electrochemiluminescent immunoassays (ECLIA) and at JRD
using different MSD ECLIAs. The lower limit of quantification was 0.4 mg/mL for
the LabCorp UST concentration assay and 0.1688 mg/mL for the JRD UST con-
centration assay.
Results: Strong agreement was observed between the JRD and LabCorp UST
assays. Specifcity was demonstrated when both UST assays accurately detected
1.0 or 10.0 mg/mL of UST but did not detect other human monoclonal antibodies
(mAb). The presence of ATU titers up to 200 or IL-12 concentrations up to 100 pg/
mL did not interfere with the UST assessment in either assay. Accuracy was con-
frmed by 3 independent measurements of UST-spiked (0.06-32 mg/mL) human
psoriasis (PSO) sera. However, accuracy was not confrmed when testing incurred
samples from PSO subjects previously exposed to ustekinumab at concentrations
below approximately 1.3 mg/mL. Both UST assays were precise, as determined by
inter-occasion reproducibility.
Strong agreement was observed between the JRD and LabCorp ATU assays. Both
ATU assays specifically detected anti-UST antibodies; results were not affected by
high titer antibodies against other human mAb. Both ATU assays demonstrated
drug tolerance to 8.0 mg/mL of UST, with the LabCorp assay demonstrating
drug tolerance to 32.0 mg/mL. Concentrations of free or bound IL-12 (≤100 pg/
mL) did not interfere with ATU detection in either assay. Both ATU assays were
reproducible.
Conclusion: Our study results indicate that the LabCorp UST concentration and
ATU assays strongly correlate with those from JRD. The substantial agreement
between the LabCorp and JRD assays may provide support to clinicians in their use
of these assays, and for understanding their patients’ UST and ATU results relative
to published data from clinical studies of UST.
P050
METHOTREXATE POLYGLUTAMATES AS BIOMARKERS OF TREATMENT
RESPONSE IN PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Valentina Shakhnovich, Taina Jausurawong, Ryan Morrow, Mara Becker, Ryan Funk
Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring methods are lacking for methotrexate
(MTX), an immunomodulator used in Infammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) treatment,
alone or in conjunction with infiximab (IFX). Although studies demonstrate a lack
of relationship between MTX plasma concentrations and efcacy/toxicity, recent
studies in rheumatoid and juvenile idiopathic arthritis suggest a positive correla-
tion between therapeutic response and accumulation of intracellular MTX metab-
olites, MTX polyglutamates (MTX-Glu). The aim of this cross-sectional investigation
was to test the hypothesis that intracellular MTX-Glu are associated with therapeu-
tic response in pediatric IBD.
Methods: 21 children (5-21 years; 90% Crohn’s disease), receiving combination
therapy with IFX and MTX for maintenance treatment of IBD, had MTX-Glu
1-6
mea-
sured in erythrocytes, using HPLC-MS/MS methodologies, and serum IFX troughs
and anti-IFX antibodies (Anti-IFX) measured, using a NF-kB luciferase gene-re-
porter assay (ARUP Laboratories). Medical records were reviewed and disease
activity determined (active vs quiescent) via consensus by 2 pediatric gastroen-
terologists on Physician Global Assessment. Only children on stable dosing were
included (i.e., no changes to dose or interval of either drug for at least 2 IFX cycles).
Nonparametric tests (e.g., Mann-Whitney U) were used to compare MTX-Glu, IFX,
anti-IFX, laboratory and demographic data in children with active vs quiescent
disease, and associations between MTX-Glu and parameters of interest explored
via Pearson’s correlation (SPSS24; α=0.05). To account for variability in standard-
of-care IFX and MTX dosing, data were normalized for mg/kg and interval, as
appropriate.
Results: MTX dose ranged 5-25mg weekly (86% oral) and, adjusted for weight
(mg/kg), correlated with total MTX-Glu accumulation (ρ=0.6; α=0.01), especially
long-chain MTX-Glu
3-5
(ρ=0.7; p=0.01). Children with quiescent disease (n=11) had
signifcantly higher dose-adjusted total MTX-Glu than children with active dis-
ease (n=10), 224 ± 94.6 vs 133 ± 85.6 (p=0.04), despite receiving comparable MTX
doses (0.22 ± 0.12 vs 0.31 ± 0.18 mg/kg; p=0.39). IFX troughs (μg/ml) unadjusted
(24.3 ± 16.1 vs 16.7 ± 13.0) or adjusted (adj) for IFX dose and interval (86.9 ± 59.7 vs
57.4 ± 46.8) were comparable between study groups, which were also comparable
for age and disease duration (p>0.25). Neither MTX dose nor MTX-Glu correlated
signifcantly with IFX trough or adjtrough (ρ -0.09 to 0.39; p>0.1). Only 1 child, with
undetectable IFX trough, had anti-IFX.
Conclusions: The observed positive correlation between MTX dose and MTX-Glu
suggests that MTX-Glu refect systemic MTX exposure in IBD. Despite comparable
IFX troughs, higher total MTX-Glu, particularly long-chain MTX-Glu, were associ-
ated with quiescent vs active disease, suggesting that MTX-Glu may be important
markers of disease response in IBD.
P051
REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE IN THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING IN
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS ON USTEKINUMAB
Kerri Glassner, Malcolm Irani, Hoda Malaty, Bincy P. Abraham
Background: Current evidence supports the use of reactive therapeutic drug
monitoring(TDM) to guide treatment changes in infammatory bowel disease(IBD)
patients treated with anti-TNF agents. However, there is less data available on the
utility of drug monitoring with ustekinumab(UST).
Aims: To determine if trough levels of UST have an impact on treatment based on
clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic fndings.
Methods: A total of 55 UST trough levels were collected from 46 patients with
Crohn disease seen at our IBD center from May 2017 to June 2018. Levels were
checked either reactively due to ongoing clinical symptoms, endoscopic, biologic
markers(fecal calprotectin, ESR, CRP), or radiologic studies suggestive of active dis-
ease; or drawn proactively to guide de-escalation of disease therapy. Demographic
data was collected including gender, medications, age, disease duration, BMI and
ethnicity. Infammatory markers(ESR, CRP), vitamin D, clinical scoring(HBI), endo-
scopic and histologic data were obtained within 6 months prior to level being
drawn, and at 6 month follow up. Low drug levels were defned as UST trough level
less than 5ug/mL.
Results: Of 45 trough levels drawn reactively, 71% were low; of 10 drawn proac-
tively, 90% were low. There were 34 patients who had 41 low UST trough levels.
These patients were more likely to be female,(64%, p=0.002), Caucasian(90%, p=
0.002), non obese(BMI≤30) (78%, p=0.001), and less likely to be on dual biologic
therapy(35%, p=0.001), immune modulator(22%, p=0.002), or steroids(37%,
p=0.01). Compared to patients with high UST levels, those with low levels were
more likely to have higher inflammatory markers, ESR 24.9 vs 20.4, p=0.01, and
CRP 22.1 vs 4.1, p=0.003. There was no significant difference in vitamin D, clin-
ical, endoscopic, or histologic remission between patients with low and high
trough levels, however only 38% had clinical scoring at the time of the drug
level and 16% endoscopy/histology. Of the 41 patients with levels drawn reac-
tively, 8 had follow up trough level after dose adjustement. All except one had
improvement in drug level, however 88% remained subtherapeutic. There was
endoscopic follow up in 19 of 41 patients with levels drawn reactively; 70% had
low levels and 53% had endoscopic improvement or remained in remission/mild
disease.
Conclusions: The majority of patients who had drug levels checked either reac-
tively or proactively had subtherapeutic levels. Low drug levels were associated
with higher infammatory markers. Although there was no diference in endo-
scopic remission seen between patients with low and high trough levels, over half
of patients who had levels checked reactively and endoscopic follow up, improved
or remained in remission/mild disease activity. This suggests that there may be
utility to TDM to optimize drug levels and improve outcomes in patients on UST
therapy.
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