Page 1 of 8 Influence of Environmental Pollutants on Water Quality and Biochemical Parameters of Fish Tissue Amal S Mohamed 1 *, Mohamed A El- Desoky 2 , Adel A El-Lahamy 1 and Nahed S Gad 1 1 National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt 2 Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt Introduction Environmental pollution represents a major problem in both developed and undeveloped countries [1]. In Egypt, it has been found that many environmental pollutants reach the natural water (rivers, seas, and lakes) through the industrial, agricultural and domestic effluents produced by human activities. The problems of environmental pollution and its deleterious effects on aquatic biota including fish received focused interest during the last few decades. The contamination of the aquatic environment with a wide range of pollutants has become a matter of concern. Increasing number and amount of industrial, agriculture and commercial chemicals discharged into the aquatic environmental having led to various deleterious effects on fish and a human who consumed it. Any change in the natural conditions of the aquatic medium causes several adjustments in fish. Heavy metals are the main culprit for these undesirable changes in water quality [2]. Due to their toxicity, long persistence, bioaccumulation and non-bio degradable properties in the food chain .heavy metals constitute a core group of aquatic pollutants. Environmental pollution is caused due to the discharge of substances or energy into air, water, or land that may impart acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) detriment to the quality of life. The impacts of pollution classified as primary and secondary. “Pollutants may cause primary damage which has directly identifiable impacts on the environment or secondary damage in the biological food chain that are noticeable over long periods” [3]. Pollution is now regarded as a global problem since pollutants can cross borders with the help of wind and water. Environmental pollution is insidious and its harmful effects only become apparent after periods of exposure. For this reason environmental monitoring is recognized as being vitally important in detecting the level and types of pollutants, and their source. Furthermore this monitoring helps to take measures to mitigate the effect in those seriously polluted areas. Within an aquatic ecosystem, a complex interaction of physical and biochemical cycles exists, anthropogenic stresses, particularly the interaction of ISSN: 2687-8089 DOI: 10.33552/AOMB.2020.02.000527 Advances in Oceanography & Marine Biology Review Article Copyright © All rights are reserved by Louis-Pierre Rich This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License AOMB.MS.ID.000527. Abstract Environmental pollution by toxicants has become one of the most important problems in the world. Water pollution problem is due to uncontrolled solid and liquid domestic, in addition to agrochemical contamination and lack of sustainable wastewater management that are becoming threats to living organisms and consequently to Human being. The continual loading of toxicants into our environment creates water pollution problems due to their direct toxic effect on aquatic biota. In addition, pollutants such as heavy metal can be incorporated into food chains and concentrated in aquatic organisms to a level that affects their physiological state. The impact of the environmental pollution on water quality and fish in aquatic ecosystem showed that there were clear differences between the concentrations of pollutants in water and fish tissues where, tissues showed different capacities for accumulating these pollutants. Environmental pollutants have harmful effects on the biochemistry of different tissues of fish. There were changes in the activities of antioxidant defense enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase), liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), triglycerides, cholesterol, total proteins and total lipids in muscles of fishes which in turn affect meat Quality, the growth rate and fish production. Keywords: Environmental pollution; Aquatic ecosystem; Superoxide dismutase; Catalase *Corresponding author: Amal S Mohamed, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt. Received Date: March 21, 2020 Published Date: May 12, 2020