El Tarikh: Vol 3 , No 2 , November (2022) 39 P-ISSN: 2774-7999 E-ISSN: 2774-8723 DOI: Ekspedisi Turki Utsmani dan Gerakan Anti-Kolonialisme Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam (1530-1568) Muhammad Haykal Departermen of Islamic History and Arts Marmara University Turki muhammadhaykal94@gmail.com Abstract Abstrak The appearance of the Portuguese fleet in the Indian Ocean and the Straits of Malacca was the starting factor for triggering colonialism in Nusantara. The emergence of the fleet which then continued to the domination of the Portuguese on the one hand had disrupted the expansion of the Ottoman Turks who had controlled Egypt and the Arabian Penisula. On the other hand, it was also the main factor that encouraged the emergence and development of the Aceh Darussalam Sultanate as a resistance movement or anti-colonialism against the Portuguese. This article will examine how the emergence of the Portuguese in the Indian waters and the Malacca Strait has become the main driver for the emergence of the anti- colonialism movement initiated by the Sultanate of Aceh. As well as the author continues by concluding that it was the the anti-colonialism movement became the main factor in establishing the relationship between the Aceh Darussalam Sultanate and the Ottoman Turks. However, this was because the Ottoman Turks also had the same interests as Aceh, namely against Portuguese domination in the Indian Ocean. To Ensure their trade flocks and Hajj route safe. The conclusion obtained is that the domination of the Portuguese in the Indian Ocean and the Straits of Malacca has indirectly become the main factor in the realization of military and even economic cooperation relations between the two Islamic empires. This Kemunculan armada Portugis di Samudera Hindia dan Selat Malaka merupakan awal mula faktor pemicu kolonialisme di Nusantara. Kemunculan armada yang kemudian berlanjut kepada dominasi Portugis tersebut di satu sisi telah mengganggu perluasan Turki Utsmani yang saat itu telah menguasai Mesir dan Semenanjung Arap. Disisi lain, juga menjadi faktor utama yang mendorong muncul dan berkembangnya Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam sebagai gerakan resistensi atau anti-kolonialisme melawan Portugis. Artikel ini akan mengkaji bagaimana kemunculan Portugis di perairan Hindia dan Selat Malaka telah menjadi pendorong utama munculnya Gerakan anti- kolonialisme yang diinisiasi oleh Kesultanan Aceh. Serta pada penelitiannya penulis menyimpulkan bahwa kemunculan gerakan anti- kolonialisme Portugis inilah yang kemudian menjadi faktor utama terjalinnya hubungan antara Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam dan Turki Utsmani. Hal ini disebabkan Turki Utsmani juga memiliki kepentingan yang sama dengan Aceh, yakni melawan dominasi Portugis di Samudera Hindia. Tentunya untuk memastikan kawanan perdagangan mereka dan rute haji aman. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah bahwa dominasi Portugis di Samudera Hindia dan Selat Malaka secara tak langsung telah menjadi faktor utama terwujudnya hubungan kerjasama militer bahkan ekonomi antara dua kerajaan Islam tersebut. Tulisan ini adalah penelitian