TransPlanTaTion 291 Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases | Volume 6 | Number 4 | July 2012 original Paper Patient and Graft Outcomes in Deceased-Donor Kidney Transplantation A good Start for a Promising Future Mohammad-Reza Fattahi, Mohammad-Hossein Nourballa, Zohreh Rostami, Behzad Einollahi Introduction. Kidney transplantation from deceased donor has progressively increased in Iran; however, there are limited published data on its outcome. We evaluated the short-term outcome of kidney transplants using deceased donors in Iran. Materials and Methods. A total of 121 adult patients who received a kidney allograft from a deceased donor in Baqiyatallah Transplant Center were enrolled. The following data were collected: age, gender, body mass index, cold and warm ischemia times, history of dialysis and blood transfusion, blood pressure, panel reactive antibodies, episodes of acute rejection, acute tubular necrosis, serum creatinine concentration, and surgical complications. Results. The median age of the kidney allograft recipients was 48 years (range, 16 to 71 years). Male gender was predominant (n = 82) with slightly better patient and graft survivals without significant differences. The mean cold ischemic time was 190 ± 50 minutes (range, 1.5 to 4.7 hours). One- and 2-year graft survival rates were 94.0% and 86.8%, respectively. One- and 2-year patient survival rates were 97.4% and 91.9%, respectively. Acute tubular necrosis was the only risk factor for worsening of the graft survival (68.2% versus 85.7% for 2-year survival, P = .001) and the patient survival (81.5% versus 94.4% for 2-year survival, P = .06). No significant correlation was seen between patient survival and other variables. Conclusions. The results of the present study indicate a favorable outcome in short-term period for deceased-donor kidney transplantation in our center. IJKD 2012;6:291-9 www.ijkd.org Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Keywords. kidney transplantation, tissue donors, survival rates INTRODUCTION Kidney transplantation is accepted as a treatment of choice for most patients with end- stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy. 1 However, the organ shortage remains the major limiting factor for the growth of kidney transplantation. Increasing demand has led to utilization of deceased-donor kidneys that were previously thought unsuitable. By the year 2000, only a very limited number of kidney transplants had been performed using deceased donors in Iran. In April 2000, the parliament legislated deceased organ donation after brain death. 1 Since then, the annual number of deceased-donor kidney transplants rose from less than 1% of all kidney transplants at the end of 2000, to 13% in 2006. 2 Kidney transplantation using deceased donors was started at our center in 2002 and its annual number has increased from 0.4% in 2002 to 31% in 2008. 3 Despite recent increases in kidneys